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Behçet's disease is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by four major manifestations: recurrent ocular symptoms, oral and genital ulcers and skin lesions. We conducted a genome-wide association study in a Japanese cohort including 612 individuals with Behçet's disease and 740 unaffected individuals (controls). We identified two suggestive associations on chromosomes 1p31.3 (IL23R-IL12RB2, rs12119179, P = 2.7 x 10(-8)) and 1q32.1 (IL10, rs1554286, P = 8.0 x 10(-8)). A meta-analysis of these two loci with results from additional Turkish and Korean cohorts showed genome-wide significant associations (rs1495965 in IL23R-IL12RB2, P = 1.9 x 10(-11), odds ratio = 1.35; rs1800871 in IL10, P = 1.0 x 10(-14), odds ratio = 1.45).

Various clinical signs, laboratory investigations, and biopsy results provided four diagnostic categories of sarcoid uveitis. The categorization allows prospective multinational clinical trials to be conducted using a standardized nomenclature, which serves as a platform for comparison of visual outcomes with various therapeutic modalities.

Definitive risk factors for the development of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) among asymptomatic human T-cell leukemia vi-

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Aims: To determine the incidence and predisposing findings for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) in a large series of highly myopic patients. Methods: The medical records of 218 consecutive patients (325 eyes) with myopic fundus changes in the macula were reviewed. The incidence of CNV during a follow up of at least 3 years of highly myopic patients and identification of predisposing findings for the development of myopic CNV were examined. Results: Among 325 highly myopic eyes examined, 33 eyes (10.2%) developed myopic CNV. The incidence was higher (34.8%) among the fellow eyes of patients with preexisting CNV than among eyes of patients without pre-existing CNV (6.1%). CNV developed in 3.7% with diffuse chorioretinal atrophy, in 20.0% with patchy atrophy, and in 29.4% with lacquer cracks. Conclusion: Approximately one in 10 highly myopic eyes developed myopic CNV in average 130.2 months. Patchy atrophy and lacquer cracks were shown to be important predisposing findings for CNV development.H igh myopia is a major cause of legal blindness in many developed countries.1-3 It affects 27% to 33% of all myopic eyes, corresponding to a prevalence of 1.7% to 2% in the general population of the United States. 4 In Japan, pathological or high myopia reportedly affects 6% to 18% of the myopic population, and around 1% of the general population. 5High myopia is associated with progressive and excessive elongation of the eyeball.6-10 As a result of excessive eyeball elongation, various funduscopic changes within the posterior staphyloma develop in highly myopic eyes.11-14 Among these myopic fundus lesions, macular choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) is the most common vision threatening complication of high myopia. [15][16][17] Despite the importance of CNV as a vision threatening complication, the incidence of myopic CNV has not yet been reported. Some previous reports described the prevalence of myopic CNV.6 7 18 For long term management of highly myopic patients, however, it is more important to know how frequently new CNV occurs in myopic eyes. Also, to our knowledge, there have been no studies to investigate the predisposing findings for the development of myopic CNV.In the present study, many highly myopic patients with myopic fundus changes in the macular lesion were followed, and examined for later development of myopic CNV. The incidence of myopic CNV was identified in these patients as well as possible predisposing findings for the development of myopic CNV. PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 218 consecutive patients (325 eyes) with high myopia were identified using clinical records from 1988 to 2001 in the high myopia clinic at Tokyo Medical and Dental University and were enrolled in the present study. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Approval from the ethics committee of the university was obtained. Inclusion criteria for this study were (1) refractive error of −8D or more; (2) fundus changes typical of pathological myopia within 1 disc diameter (DD) from the fovea centralis; and (3) minimum follow up p...

Findings suggest that results of magnetic resonance imaging can be used to predict clinical outcome in dogs with paraplegia caused by intervertebral disk extrusion.