Dissolution and uniformity of content of tablets developed with extract of Ximenia americana L.

Abstract

Herbal medicines currently represent an important part of the world pharmaceutical market, which shows growing interest in the use of herbal medicines. However, the production of such medicines involves a complex series of steps, which determine the production viability and the quality of the final product. Ximenia americana L. is a plant occurring in several regions of the world, with well-known and applied medicinal properties. Thus, the aim of this work was to develop and evaluate the physical and physical-chemical quality of tablets produced with X. americana L. extract. The extract was spray-dried from a hydroethanolic extractive solution and characterized as to its phytochemical composition. The chemical marker was determined and quantified using validated chromatographic methods. These methods indicated the presence of gallic acid at a concentration of 1.61 mg g-1. Formulations were proposed and analyzed for their flow and compaction properties. The best formulation was used to obtain a batch of tablets, which was evaluated for its quality characteristics and showed to be within the pharmacopoeial specifications for average weight, hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The dissolution profile of the tablets produced was obtained, showing the release of about 70% of the vegetable extract content within 30 minutes. Results showed that it was possible to obtain herbal tablets containing a high content of vegetal extract by direct compression, developing a rapid process of formulation and production and guaranteeing the quality characteristics of the final product.

Tablet of Ximenia Americana L. Developed from Mucoadhesive Polymers for Future Use in Oral Treatment of Fungal Infections

“…Phytochemical investigations using aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of X. americana demonstrate the presence of condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, saponins, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which are responsible for various biological activities [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Santana et al (2018) characterized a hydroalcoholic extract of X. americana , and their results showed that it was possible to identify and quantify gallic acid as a chemical marker of X. americana .…”

“…Santana et al (2018) characterized a hydroalcoholic extract of X. americana , and their results showed that it was possible to identify and quantify gallic acid as a chemical marker of X. americana . In addition, they developed X. americana tablets to combat antifungal and bacterial infections, highlighting the pharmacological potential of the species and its phytochemical components [ 14 , 16 ].…”

Tablet of Spondias mombin L. Developed from Nebulized Extract Prevents Gastric Ulcers in Mice via Cytoprotective and Antisecretory Effects

“…For the determination of apparent densities, compaction, the Hausner factor, Carr index, and densification index, 100 g samples were used, which were placed in a graduated cylinder, to determine the gross volume, as described by [ 26 , 27 ]. After that, the samples were subjected to a series of 500, 750, and 1250 sequential drops, according to the properties of the powders.…”

Evaluation of How Methacrylate Gelatin Hydrogel Loaded with Ximenia americana L. Extract (Steam Bark) Effects Bone Repair Activity Using Rats as Models

“…In the same context, natural compounds derived from medicinal plant extracts, such as Davallina orientalis , Lepidium sativum L., Cimicifuga racemose (Actaea), Piper sarmentosum , Ormocarpum cochinchinense , Peperomia pellucida , Symphytum officinale , Chenopodium ambroisioides L., Epimedium sagittatum , Nigella sativa , Aloe vera , Sambucus williamsii , Ulmus davidiana , Spinacia oleracea , Dalbergia sissoo , Marantodes pumilum , Cassia occidentalis L. [ 15 ], Astragalus membranaceus [ 16 ], Anredera cordifolia [ 17 ], Cissus quadrangularis, Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia [ 18 ], are widely used to promote bone repair. Among the most studied herbal medicines, Ximenia americana L., which is a plant that is found in various regions of the world, possesses medicinal properties that are utilized and recognized [ 19 ]. The pulverized stem of Ximenia americana L. has been recommended for the repair and control of the inflammatory process, and proven results in research carried out through experimental models showed that this extract can be used to promote tissue repair [ 20 ].…”

“…Phytochemical investigations of Ximenia americana L. steam bark reported by Santana et al [ 19 ] and Almeida et al [ 24 ] have revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds in different extracts, including aqueous, ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts. These compounds include condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, saponins, glycosides, polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenoids [ 23 ].…”