Dissection of the Role of Pili and Type 2 and 3 Secretion Systems in Adherence and Biofilm Formation of an Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain

Hernandes, Rodrigo T.; Cruz, Miguel A. De la; Yamamoto, Denise; Girón, Jorge A.; Gomes, Tânia A. T.

doi:10.1128/iai.00620-13

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The only adhesin first characterized in an aEPEC strain (serotype O26:H11) is the locus of diffuse adherence (LDA), which is an afimbrial adhesin that confers the diffuse pattern of adherence on HEp-2 cells, when cloned in E. coli K-12 strains 89 . The T3SS-translocon has been also shown to contribute to the adherence efficacy of an aEPEC strain in vitro 90 . The prevalence of these different adhesins among aEPEC has been recently reviewed 18, 67, 91…”

Section: Typical and Atypical Enteropathogenic E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Gomes

Elias

Scaletsky

et al. 2016

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

370

315

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Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are collectively known as diarrheagenic E. coli. In this review, we have gathered information on current definitions, serotypes, lineages, virulence mechanisms, epidemiology, and diagnosis of the major diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes.

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Section: Typical and Atypical Enteropathogenic E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Gomes

Elias

Scaletsky

et al. 2016

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

370

315

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“…EPEC strains are subdivided into typical (tEPEC) and atypical EPEC (aEPEC) based on the presence of EPEC adherence factor plasmid associated with the tEPEC localized adherence pattern (18). Some aEPEC form diffuse (DA) or aggregative adherence pattern and Hernandes et al (19) found that the DA pattern is associated with the TTSS system and its suggested that the traslocon serves as the DA adhesin.…”

Section: Enteropathogenic E Coli (Epec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in adherence and invasion of pathogenic Escherichia coli

Kalita¹,

Hu²,

Torres

2014

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of review Colonization of the host epithelia by pathogenic Escherichia coli is influenced by the ability of the bacteria to interact with host surfaces. Because the initial step of an E. coli infection is to adhere, invade, and persist within host cells, some strategies used by intestinal and extra-intestinal E. coli to infect host cell are presented. Recent findings This review highlights recent progress understanding how extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli strains express specific adhesins/invasins that allow colonization of the urinary tract or the meninges, while intestinal E. coli strains are able to colonize different regions of the intestinal tract using other specialized adhesins/invasins. Finally, evaluation of, different diets and environmental conditions regulating the colonization of these pathogens is discussed. Summary Discovery of new interactions between pathogenic E. coli and the host epithelial cells unravels the need of more mechanistic studies that can provide new clues in how to combat these infections.

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“…It has been reported that the EPEC E2348/69 ⌬eae ⌬espA double mutant totally lost its ability to adhere to HeLa cells (23). However, there is not a clear picture of how EPEC utilizes other adhesins to interact with the intestinal epithelium early or later during infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Finding Regulators Associated with the Expression of the Long Polar Fimbriae in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Ross

Cieza

et al. 2015

J Bacteriol

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Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a human pathogen that requires initial adhesion to the intestine in order to cause disease. Multiple adhesion factors have been identified in E. coli strains, among them the long polar fimbriae (Lpf), a colonization factor associated with intestinal adhesion. The conditions of Lpf expression are well understood in enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC); however, the expression of EPEC lpf has been found to be repressed under any in vitro condition tested. Therefore, we decided to identify those factors silencing expression of EPEC lpf. Because histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) is a known repressor of EHEC lpf, we tested it and found that H-NS is a repressor of EPEC lpf. We also found that the adhesion of the EPEC ⌬hns strain was significantly enhanced compared to the wild-type strain. Because lpf expression was modestly increased in the hns mutant, transposon mutagenesis was performed to find a strain displaying higher lpf expression than EPEC ⌬hns. One Tn5 insertion was identified within the yhjX gene, and further in vitro characterization revealed increased lpf expression and adhesion to Caco-2 cells compared with EPEC ⌬hns. However, in a murine model of intestinal infection, the EPEC ⌬hns and EPEC ⌬hns Tn5 mutants had only a slight change in colonization pattern compared to the wild-type strain. Our data showed that EPEC Lpf is transcribed, but its role in EPEC intestinal colonization requires further analysis. IMPORTANCEData are presented demonstrating that the long polar fimbriae (lpf) operon in enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is highly regulated; however, derepression occurs by mutagenizing two proteins associated with its control. The study demonstrates that the EPEC lpf operon can be expressed and, therefore, participates in the EPEC adherence phenotype. E scherichia coli bacteria are normally found in the intestines of humans and animals. Most E. coli strains rarely cause disease, except in immunocompromised hosts or in individuals whose normal gastrointestinal barrier is broken (1, 2). However, there are several E. coli strains that carry specific virulence attributes that classify them in specific pathotypes that cause distinct disease in healthy hosts (1). Two of these E. coli pathotypes, enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), belong to the group of attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) strains. AEEC strains are characterized by the presence of a type III secretion system (T3SS) that injects virulence factors into the host cell, mediating the formation of the characterized histopathological attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion (1, 2). EPEC is a leading cause of human infantile diarrhea worldwide (3, 4). EHEC also causes severe human disease, including bloody diarrhea and life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Currently, EPEC is estimated to be responsible for 5 to 10% of pediatric diarrhea in developing countries (3). The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) showed that some EPEC strains are assoc...

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Dissection of the Role of Pili and Type 2 and 3 Secretion Systems in Adherence and Biofilm Formation of an Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Recent advances in adherence and invasion of pathogenic Escherichia coli

Finding Regulators Associated with the Expression of the Long Polar Fimbriae in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

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