Disrupted circadian rhythms of body temperature, heart rate and fasting blood glucose in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

We report a progressive disruption of 24-h rhythms in fasting blood glucose (FBG), body temperature (BT) and heart rate (HR) associated with metabolic dysfunction and the development of prediabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in overweight middle-aged (40-69 years old) humans. Increasing BT and HR mean values and declining 24-h BT and HR amplitudes accompany adverse changes in metabolic state. Increased nocturnal BT and a phase delay of the 24-h BT rhythm, deviant 24-h HR profile and a phase advance of the 24-h HR and FBG rhythms are early signs of the PD metabolic state. In T2DM, the 24-h FBG rhythm is no longer detectable, and the 24-h amplitudes of BT and HR are greatly diminished. In addition, lepton and creatinine values were lowered in T2DM. Moreover, positive correlations between FBG and body mass index, BMI, and negative correlations between the 24-h amplitude of FBG and BMI indicate that overweight is an additional factor causing disruption of the circadian rhythms. Further studies on circadian disruption as a consequence of metabolic dysfunction are necessary. The quantitative analysis of changing circadian BT and HR rhythms may provide prognostic markers of T2DM and therapeutic targets for its prevention and correction.

Diurnality, Type 2 Diabetes, and Depressive-Like Behavior

“…We suggest that these disturbed rhythms perturb the metabolic pathways controlled by feeding and the circadian system, as shown by Hatori et al (2012), eventually resulting in the development of T2DM. In accordance, the daily rhythm in fasting blood glucose in humans changes before the development of T2DM, with no significant daily rhythm in fasting blood glucose levels found for patients with T2DM (Gubin et al, 2017).…”

SIRT7 couples light-driven body temperature cues to hepatic circadian phase coherence and gluconeogenesis

“…More importantly, SIRT7 couples BT and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Disruption of BT are occurred in diabetes mellitus and aging 75,76 . Altering BT might be critical to maintain the robustness of peripheral clocks, providing chronotherapeutic strategy to prevent metabolic diseases and aging.…”

Functional Changes Induced by Orexin A and Adiponectin on the Sympathetic/Parasympathetic Balance

“…In a recent study (Gubin et al, 2017 ), the high Tc level is related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In fact, in subjects suffering from T2DM, the thermoregulation is impaired, particularly the capacity to dissipate heat is reduced (Cavallaro et al, 2011 ; Kenny et al, 2016 ).…”