Disposição de resíduos sólidos no solo: efeito nos atributos físicos, químicos e na matéria orgânica

Abstract

ResumoAtualmente existe crescente preocupação com o destino final dos resíduos sólidos gerados pela sociedade. As áreas de despejos não podem ser consideradas ponto final para as substâncias contidas ou geradas nos resíduos sólidos. Atualmente, o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais, especialmente do solo e da água, tem-se constituído relevante devido ao aumento das atividades antrópicas. O uso agrícola é uma alternativa de disposição dos resíduos sólidos (lixiviado, biossólidos), considerando a hipótese que o uso destes seja promissor para a agricultura, o que resulta em redução dos custos de tratamento, reaproveitamento de nutrientes e a melhora das condições físicas e químicas dos solos. Assim, buscouse com esta revisão de literatura confirmar ou não a hipótese, a partir de dados já obtidos, quanto ao uso promissor destes resíduos na agricultura para diminuição do passivo ambiental que desafia os administradores públicos no desenvolvimento de uma gestão eficiente. Os seguintes sub-itens serão apresentados após a introdução: disposição atual de resíduos sólidos e problemas ambientais; uso dos resíduos sólidos na agricultura; efeito nos atributos químicos, físicos e na matéria orgânica do solo e considerações finais. Palavras-chave: Resíduos sólidos, lodo de esgoto, biossolidos, lixiviado AbstractCurrently, there is growing concern over the final destination of the solid waste generated by society. Landfills should not be considered the endpoint for substances contained or generated in solid waste. The sustainable use of natural resources, especially soil and water, has become relevant, given the increase in anthropogenic activities. Agricultural use is an alternative to solid waste (leachate, biosolid) disposal, considering the hypothesis that the agricultural use of waste is promising for reducing waste treatment costs, promoting nutrient reuse and improving the physical and chemical conditions of soil. Thus, this literature review, based on previously published data, seeks to confirm or disprove the hypothesis regarding the promising use of solid waste in agriculture to decrease the environmental liability that challenges public administrators in the development of efficient management. The text below addresses the following subtopics after the introduction: current solid waste disposal and environmental issues, the use of solid waste in agriculture, and the effect on the physical and chemical properties of soil and on organic matter, ending with final considerations.

Seedling size and broiler litter composition affect Peruvian carrot productivity and profitability

“…Wood shavings induced an increase of 2,000 roots in plants, when compared with the number of plants grown in soil covered with broiler litter with rice hulls as bedding material. Segundo Mangiori & Filho (2015), The addition of organic residues to the soil improves the biological and physical attributes, as well as being essential to maintain water and nutrient contents, as they increase retention capacity and availability, reducing their consistency through the soil profile (Hoshino et al, 2016). Thus, broiler litter with wood shavings, with has higher nutritional values and lower C/N ratio, may have provided higher quantities of those elements to plants throughout the growth cycle through decomposition than rice hulls.…”

Organic Residues and Bokashi Influence in the Growth of Alibertia edulis

“…In the cultivation practices of medicinal and forest plants, it has been shown that the addition of organic residues releases nutrients, improving physical and microbiological properties of the soil (Mangiori & Tavares Filho, 2015), and thus increasing root soil exploration and plant growth. The forest species have a long cycle of cultivation -thus, with the gradual decomposition of organic residues, nutrients are released favoring growth and development.…”

Doses of organic residues in soil mulch influence productivity and profitability of Peruvian carrot

“…Mulching is common in vegetable cultivation and involves the application of organic or inorganic material on the soil surface, thus improving its physical, chemical, and biological characteristics (Mangiori and Filho, 2015), especially in Cerrado soils, which are weathered, and contain low organic matter content. Among the organic residues used, broiler manure, composed of sawdust or rice hulls, is predominant.…”