Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and liquid chromatographic determination of pentachlorophenol in water

Abstract

A simple and sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for extraction and preconcentration of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in water samples is presented. After adjusting the sample pH to 3, extraction was performed in the presence of 1% W/V sodium chloride by injecting 1 mL acetone as disperser solvent containing 15 µL tetrachloroethylene as extraction solvent. The proposed DLLME method was followed by HPLC-DAD for determination of PCP. It has good linearity (0.994) with wide linear dynamic range (0.1-1000 µg L -1) and low detection limit (0.03 µg L -1 ), which makes it suitable for determination of PCP in water samples.© Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the bioavailability, metabolism, and toxicity of pentachlorophenol in zebrafish larvae

“…Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been extensively used as herbicide, algaecide, wood preservative, defoliant, and fungicide [17][18][19][20]. Owing to the past widespread application and persistent properties, resistance to biodegradation, potential bioaccumulation, and biomagnification, PCP resulted in environmental contamination, and it is a common water contaminant [19][20][21][22].…”

Thyroid endocrine system disruption by pentachlorophenol: An in vitro and in vivo assay

“…Its widespread use for these purposes has led to PCP becoming a ubiquitous environmental contaminant (reviewed by Zheng et al, 2012). Although many countries have banned or controlled the use of PCP, it is still used as a wood preservative, and may be detected in the aquatic environment, wild animals and human samples (Farhadi et al, 2009;Zheng et al, 2011Zheng et al, , 2012Montaño et al, 2013). Levels of PCP in freshwater bodies in European countries have decreased and are typically at the most 0.2 g/L (Muir and Eduljee, 1999).…”

Modulation of steroidogenic gene expression and hormone synthesis in H295R cells exposed to PCP and TCP

“…Due to the toxicity of PCP and the fact that it is a probable human carcinogen, some countries have banned or control the use of PCP (Baynes et al, 2002), but other countries still use PCP to prevent fungal attacks on wood (Jensen, 1996). Hence PCP and its intermediate compounds are still detected in the aquatic environment (Bhattacharya et al, 1996;Chen and Parker, 2004;Hanna et al, 2004;Fernández Freire et al, 2005;Farhadi et al, 2009). PCP was used in China during the 1970s to control schistosomiasis .…”