Dispersal kernel estimation: A comparison of empirical and modelled particle dispersion in a coastal marine system

Hrycik, Janelle M.; Chassé, Joël; Ruddick, Barry; Taggart, Christopher T.

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2013.06.023

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hainbucher et al (2004) did not include horizontal eddy diffusion in their ocean mixing model and Liu et al (2012) chose a value of the horizontal eddy diffusion coefficient to be 15 m 2 s À1 . However typical value could be higher, probably of the order of 25 m 2 s À1 (Hrycik et al, 2013) and possibly up to 100 m 2 s À1 especially during storms (Alosairi et al, 2011;Uncles and Torres, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China

Wolanski

Zhang

2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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a b s t r a c tWe review the key processes controlling the net water circulation in shallow straits. The circulation is mainly barotropic, driven by the difference in mean sea level and tides on either side of the strait, the wind, the meandering of the currents in the adjoining seas, the bathymetry including the shape and width of the mouths and the presence of narrows, shoals, sills, islands, and lateral embayments. As the oceanography forcing can be non-synchronised on either side of the strait, the resulting net currents through the strait may appear chaotic. We apply these findings to the net circulation through the Bohai Strait in China using local wind, remote-sensing data of currents and sea level, and a hydrodynamic model. The net currents through the Bohai Strait were episodic. They were largest during winter storms when the wind generated a cyclonic coastal current in the northern Yellow Sea that flowed across the width of the Bohai Strait. Like the Luzon Strait, this current meandered and a branch of the current intruded into the northern Bohai Strait along the deeper channel. The wind set-up in the Bohai Sea and the wind-driven longshore current in the southern Bohai Sea generated a seaward flow through the southern Bohai Strait, somewhat like in Irbe Strait. As with the straits of the Seto Inland Sea, stagnation occurred in some embayments. As in the Torres Strait, the islands in the southern Bohai Strait retarded the net flow and increased the width of the outflow zone. These flows were also modulated at very long periods (~60 days) by long waves in the Yellow Sea, possibly generated by meandering of the Kuroshio Current that created an additional sea level slope through the strait. The transit time in the Bohai Strait was 60 and 10 days, respectively, during calm weather and winter storms. The residence time in the Bohai Sea was estimated to be about 1.68 years by the LOICZ model and 1.56 years by the hydrodynamic model, and the influence of the river runoff, including the Yellow River, was negligible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China

Wolanski

Zhang

2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…However, phase eddies near isolated reefs and sticky water effects in a reef matrix of reefs also restrict physical dispersal [14,15], and thus help keep the larvae in open waters but in the vicinity of the natal reefs. The probability of a coral larva recruiting to 'sink' reefs downstream of the natal (or 'source') reef is controlled by the dispersal kernel and is typically less than a few per cent [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The behaviour of the larvae alters patterns of recruitment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oceanographic and behavioural assumptions in models of the fate of coral and coral reef fish larvae

Wolanski

Kingsford

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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A predictive model of the fate of coral reef fish larvae in a reef system is proposed that combines the oceanographic processes of advection and turbulent diffusion with the biological process of horizontal swimming controlled by olfactory and auditory cues within the timescales of larval development. In the model, auditory cues resulted in swimming towards the reefs when within hearing distance of the reef, whereas olfactory cues resulted in the larvae swimming towards the natal reef in open waters by swimming against the concentration gradients in the smell plume emanating from the natal reef. The model suggested that the self-seeding rate may be quite large, at least 20% for the larvae of rapidly developing reef fish species, which contrasted with a self-seeding rate less than 2% for non-swimming coral larvae. The predicted self-recruitment rate of reefs was sensitive to a number of parameters, such as the time at which the fish larvae reach post-flexion, the pelagic larval duration of the larvae, the horizontal turbulent diffusion coefficient in reefal waters and the horizontal swimming behaviour of the fish larvae in response to auditory and olfactory cues, for which better field data are needed. Thus, the model suggested that high self-seeding rates for reef fish are possible, even in areas where the 'sticky water' effect is minimal and in the absence of long-term trapping in oceanic fronts and/or large-scale oceanic eddies or filaments that are often argued to facilitate the return of the larvae after long periods of drifting at sea.

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“…A weighting of the LPDFs between peak and off-peak seasons may be needed to better represent these envelopes. Based on in situ magnetically attractive particles (MAPs), Hrycik et al (2013) showed that the dispersal kernel e-folding scale is sensitive to the diffusivity coefficient. Due to lack of in situ observations, we could not estimate diffusion in our case; rather a harmonic horizontal viscosity coefficient of 100 m 2 s -1 is used, following Marchesiello et al (2003).…”

Section: Potential Larval Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity in the Intra-American Seas and implications for potential larval transport

Qian

et al. 2014

Coral Reefs

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A major challenge in marine ecology is to describe patterns of larval dispersal and population connectivity, as well as their underlying processes. We reassessed broad-scale population connectivity with a focus on the 18 coral reef hot spots in the Intra-American Seas described in Roberts (Science 278:1454-1457, by including seasonal and inter-annual variability in potential larval dispersal. While overall dispersal patterns were in agreement with previous findings, further statistical analyses show that dispersal patterns driven by mean circulation initially described by Roberts (Science 278:1454-1457, 1997) can significantly underestimate particle connectivity envelopes. The results from this study indicate that seasonal and inter-annual variability in circulation are crucial in modulating both dispersal distance and directional anisotropy of virtual larvae over most coral reef sites and that certain larval hotspots are likely more strongly connected than originally thought. Improved larval dispersal transport envelopes can enhance the accuracy of probability estimates which, in turn, may help to explain episodic larval settlement in certain times and places, and guide spatial management such as marine protected areas.

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Dispersal kernel estimation: A comparison of empirical and modelled particle dispersion in a coastal marine system

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China

What processes control the net currents through shallow straits? A review with application to the Bohai Strait, China

Oceanographic and behavioural assumptions in models of the fate of coral and coral reef fish larvae

Connectivity in the Intra-American Seas and implications for potential larval transport

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