Diseases of wild birds in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Echenique, Joanna V.Z.; Soares, Mauro Pereira; Albano, Ana Paula Neuschrank; Bandarra, Paulo Mota; Schild, Ana Lúcia

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6409

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…While previous studies have estimated the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in samples of wild birds -including passerines confiscated from illegal traffickers -at 1-7% (66, 69), a similar project (61) reported the same salmonellosis prevalence as we did. The PCR-based estimate of a 2.1% M. gallisepticum (MG) prevalence is lower than in our first report (27) but remained similar to findings reported for other avian hosts (70).…”

Section: Health Disease and Pathologysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, the aviary should be made rodent-proof (with concrete foundations and reinforced small mesh panels) since rats (Rattus rattus) are top songbird predators (56). Comparable findings (61) highlight that trauma prevention is crucial, especially during transport and reception, but also during the critical initial (62) period of quarantine. Disposable cardboard boxes provide a hygienic, dark (to keep birds quiet), and safe environment for temporarily placing (63) and transporting (56) songbirds.…”

Section: Songbird Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The condition also affects wild birds (86), and could be a plausible cause of death in the group of inconclusive necropsies, especially those in which the main changes were restricted to the intestines. Songbird carcasses have often been associated with considerable autolytic changes (73,87) and high rates of inconclusive post-mortem findings (61). Rapid autolysis of these carcasses may result from high body temperature (40 • C) and body heat insulation (88).…”

Section: Health Disease and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rehabilitation and release of confiscated songbirds into the wild: A pilot study

et al. 2023

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Songbirds are currently the most prevalent animals in illegal trafficking in Brazil and other countries, so they are often confiscated, and this poses legal, ethical, and conservation challenges. Returning them to nature requires complex and expensive management, a topic that is sparingly addressed in the literature. Here, we described the processes and costs associated with an attempt to rehabilitate and release confiscated songbirds into the wild. A total of 1,721 songbirds of several species were quarantined, rehabilitated, and released, primarily on two farms located within their typical geographical distribution. Health assessments were performed on samples from 370 birds. Serology revealed no antibodies against Newcastle disease, and Salmonella spp. cultures were negative. Real-time polymerase chain reactions detected M. gallisepticum in samples from seven birds. Atoxoplasma spp. and Acuaria spp. infections, sepsis, and trauma were the top causes of bird death. About 6% of the released birds were recaptured, within an average period of 249 days after release, and at a mean distance of 2,397 meters from the release sites. The majority of these birds were found with free-living mates within or close to fragments of transitional ecoregions with native or cultivated grasslands, and native groves/forests, and shrublands. However, eucalyptus plantations with rich understory regeneration provided a suitable environment for the released forest species to settle, since they were recaptured during the defense of these sites. Over half of the recaptured birds presented behavioral profiles with both dominant and tame traits. Birds with dominant traits are more likely to settle in habitats and face the live decoys during fieldwork, whereas birds with tame characteristics tend to accept close contact with humans. Ultramarine grosbeak (Cyanoloxia brissonii), the least common species among those released, at the release sites showed an almost 2-fold recapture rate in the shortest mean distances from the release sites. This suggests less territory competition, perhaps a major factor of bird re-establishment here. The total per-bird cost was USD 57. Our findings suggested suitable survival and re-establishment of confiscated songbirds in the wild, when managed as we describe.

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Section: Health Disease and Pathologysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Songbird Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health Disease and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rehabilitation and release of confiscated songbirds into the wild: A pilot study

et al. 2023

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“…Macroscopic findings during necropsy are described as white-yellow granulomas in pulmonary parenchyma and/or air sac membranes, and in some cases the dissemination of the disease to other organs, such as heart, liver, kidneys and spleen. In addition, the growth of fungal colonies, with moderate to large production of conidia in the lower respiratory tract can occur, and it has been reported in several avian species [ 5 , 6 , 51 , 66 , 67 ] ( Figure 2 ). Confirmation of the diagnosis is made by isolation of the fungus in culture associated with evidence of tissue invasion, and observation of hyphae in histopathology [ 6 , 53 ].…”

Section: Aspergillosis In Avian Speciesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Aspergillosis, Avian Species and the One Health Perspective: The Possible Importance of Birds in Azole Resistance

et al. 2020

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The One Health context considers health based on three pillars: humans, animals, and environment. This approach is a strong ally in the surveillance of infectious diseases and in the development of prevention strategies. Aspergillus spp. are fungi that fit substantially in this context, in view of their ubiquity, as well as their importance as plant pathogens, and potentially fatal pathogens for, particularly, humans and avian species. In addition, the emergence of azole resistance, mainly in Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto, and the proven role of fungicides widely used on crops, reinforces the need for a multidisciplinary approach to this problem. Avian species are involved in short and long distance travel between different types of landscapes, such as agricultural fields, natural environments and urban environments. Thus, birds can play an important role in the dispersion of Aspergillus, and of special concern, azole-resistant strains. In addition, some bird species are particularly susceptible to aspergillosis. Therefore, avian aspergillosis could be considered as an environmental health indicator. In this review, aspergillosis in humans and birds will be discussed, with focus on the presence of Aspergillus in the environment. We will relate these issues with the emergence of azole resistance on Aspergillus. These topics will be therefore considered and reviewed from the “One Health” perspective.

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“…Das aves infectadas, 42% apresentaram a doença de Marek e 31,8% foram positivas para a doença infecciosa da bolsa de Fabricius(HIRSCHMANN et al, 2019). Um outro estudo, avaliou a causa da morte de aves silvestres no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, e as doenças virais nessas aves foram responsáveis por 0,97% dos óbitos(ECHENIQUE et al, 2020).…”

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Investigação De Vírus De Impacto Na Sanidade Avícola Em Aves Silvestres Próximas a Uma Criação De Aves Coloniais Em Pelotas, Rs

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Fischer²,

Hübner³

et al. 2020

SCI. ANIM. HEALTH

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O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de carne de frango, com 13,245 milhões de toneladas, e o maior exportador, com 4,214 milhões de toneladas destinadas à exportação, no ano de 2019. Aves silvestres de vida livre, devido as suas características biológicas, são capazes de carrear microrganismos patogênicos de forma biológica ou mecânica, podendo atuar como disseminadores de diferentes enfermidades na produção industrial, comercial ou doméstica de aves. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a exposição aos vírus da doença de Newcastle (NDV), da doença de Marek (MDV) e da doença de Gumboro (IBDV) em aves silvestres residentes próximo a uma criação de aves coloniais na região de Pelotas – RS. A metodologia empregada foi a detecção de material genético viral por RT-PCR e PCR em suabes de orofaringe e cloaca, e pesquisa de anticorpos por ELISA em amostras de soro e sangue total colhido em papel filtro. Foram capturadas aves da ordem Passeriformes (n=20) e ordem Columbiformes (n=13). Não foi detectada a presença de NDV e MDV por métodos moleculares nas aves silvestres pesquisadas (n=24), nem anticorpos contra NDV e IBDV nos ensaios imunoenzimáticos (n=30). Os resultados obtidos reforçam a importância da vigilância contínua dos vírus potencialmente patogênicos aos plantéis avícolas através do monitoramento de aves migratórias, dada a importante posição do Brasil no mercado produtor e exportador de frangos de corte.

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Diseases of wild birds in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Rehabilitation and release of confiscated songbirds into the wild: A pilot study

Rehabilitation and release of confiscated songbirds into the wild: A pilot study

Aspergillosis, Avian Species and the One Health Perspective: The Possible Importance of Birds in Azole Resistance

Investigação De Vírus De Impacto Na Sanidade Avícola Em Aves Silvestres Próximas a Uma Criação De Aves Coloniais Em Pelotas, Rs

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