Diseases of Marsupials

Potkay, S

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-362250-1.50014-9

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The constant availability of food, water and shelter for wildlife, as well as livestock over-crowding and poor hygiene, make livestock production systems particularly attractive to wildlife [ 7 ]. Some rodent and opossum species carry several zoonotic pathogens [ 8 , 9 ], such as bacterial, viral, protozoonotic and helminthic pathogens [i.e., 10 – 15 ]. These mammals also cause economic losses in agriculture and other production systems [ 16 – 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to pathogen infection in wild small mammals in intensive milk cattle and swine production systems

et al. 2017

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BackgroundUnderstanding the ecological processes that are involved in the transmission of zoonotic pathogens by small mammals may aid adequate and effective management measures. Few attempts have been made to analyze the ecological aspects that influence pathogen infection in small mammals in livestock production systems. We describe the infection of small mammals with Leptospira spp., Brucella spp., Trichinella spp. and Cysticercus fasciolaris and assess the related intrinsic and extrinsic factors in livestock production systems in central Argentina at the small mammal community, population and individual levels.Methodology/Principal findingsTen pig farms and eight dairy farms were studied by removal trapping of small mammals from 2008 to 2011. Each farm was sampled seasonally over the course of one year with cage and Sherman live traps. The 505 small mammals captured (14,359 trap-nights) included three introduced murine rodents, four native rodents and two opossums. Leptospira spp., anti-Brucella spp. antibodies and Trichinella spp. were found in the three murine rodents and both opossums. Rattus norvegicus was also infected with C. fasciolaris; Akodon azarae and Oligoryzomys flavescens with Leptospira spp.; anti-Brucella spp. antibodies were found in A. azarae. Two or more pathogens occurred simultaneously on 89% of the farms, and each pathogen was found on at least 50% of the farms. Pathogen infections increased with host abundance. Infection by Leptospira spp. also increased with precipitation and during warm seasons. The occurrence of anti-Brucella spp. antibodies was higher on dairy farms and during the winter and summer. The host abundances limit values, from which farms are expected to be free of the studied pathogens, are reported.Conclusions/SignificanceMurine rodents maintain pathogens within farms, whereas other native species are likely dispersing pathogens among farms. Hence, we recommend preventing and controlling murines in farm dwellings and isolating farms from their surroundings to avoid contact with other wild mammals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to pathogen infection in wild small mammals in intensive milk cattle and swine production systems

et al. 2017

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“…Marsupials are more susceptible to mycobacterial infections than are eutherian mammals 12 , 24 . Most case reports of mycobacteriosis in marsupials are from captive populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,24 Most case reports of mycobacteriosis in marsupials are from captive populations. The prevalence and susceptibility of wild brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) to Mycobacterium bovis infection is well documented, 4,6,23 but the prevalence of atypical mycobacteriosis in wild marsupials is currently unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous Atypical Mycobacteriosis in Captive Tiger Quolls (Dasyurus maculatus)

et al. 2000

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Abstract. From July 1989 to October 1998, 9/37 (24%) adult captive tiger quolls (Dasyurus maculatus) were diagnosed with atypical mycobacterial infection involving the subcutis and skin. Females were more often affected than males (seven females, two males). Grossly, lesions presented as focal thickenings, plaques, and abscesses within the subcutis, often with fistulous tracts. The subcutis and skin overlying cervical and thoracic regions were the primary sites of infection. Cytology of subcutaneous impression smears from all nine affected tiger quolls revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation admixed with several acid-fast bacilli. Histologically, all tiger quolls had nodular to diffuse pyogranulomatous panniculitis and cellulitis. Small numbers of acid-fast bacilli were noted histologically in 7/9 (78%) animals. Skin cultures from seven tiger quolls were positive for one or more different Runyon group IV mycobacteria. The disease described in these tiger quolls is similar to subcutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis of humans and domestic animals.Key words: Atypical mycobacteriosis; cellulitis; group IV mycobacteria; panniculitis; skin; tiger quolls.The tiger quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) is a member of the family Dasyuridae, carnivorous marsupials indigenous to the Australian continent and adjacent islands. Because of the diminishing numbers of this species in the wild, a breeding program was established in 1984 at the US National Zoological Park's Conservation and Research Center (CRC). In 1989, an adult female tiger quoll presented with a subcutaneous abscess from which a Runyon group IV mycobacterium was isolated. During the next 9 years, eight additional tiger quolls were diagnosed with similar atypical mycobacterial infections that involved the subcutis. Here, we describe the clinical and pathologic findings in tiger quolls afflicted with atypical mycobacterial infection of the subcutis and skin. Materials and Methods Study populationIn 1984, a breeding program was established at the CRC (Front Royal, VA) based on two pairs of wild-caught tiger quolls. The majority of tiger quolls were maintained at the CRC, and a small number were kept on exhibit at the National Zoological Park (Washington, DC). Their diet consisted of Toronto Feline Diet (Milliken Wholesale Meat, Toronto, ON, Canada) supplemented with apple biscuits, live and dead mice (2-3 times/week), thawed fish (once weekly), and a multivitamin supplement. Tiger quolls were housed singly except when males were introduced into the females' enclosures for breeding encounters. Animals were housed in large indoor enclosures, either 3.1 ϫ 6.2 ϫ 3.4 m or 6.2 ϫ 6.2 ϫ 3.4 m, with access to outdoor cages of equal size. The flooring substrate was composed of pine bark, solite, and peat moss.From 1989 to 1998, the collection had a total of 37 adult tiger quolls. During this 9-year period, skin biopsies and necropsies were preformed on nine tiger quolls with similar cutaneous disease. Table 1 contains information on gender, age, and lesion distribution for these nine an...

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“…Its helminth fauna has been the subject of extensive investigation mostly in North America, where 75 taxa have been described (Potkay, 1977;Harris, 1983;Alden, 1995). However, helminthological studies of this host in Mexico are limited, making available information scarce and fragmentary (Lamothe, 1981;Prado, 1993;Cañeda, 1997;Salgado and Cruz, 2002).…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Sugar Centrifugal Flotation Technique for Recovering Echinococcus multilocularis Eggs From Soil

Matsuo

Kamiya

2005

Journal of Parasitology

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Diseases of Marsupials

Cited by 10 publications

References 230 publications

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to pathogen infection in wild small mammals in intensive milk cattle and swine production systems

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to pathogen infection in wild small mammals in intensive milk cattle and swine production systems

Subcutaneous Atypical Mycobacteriosis in Captive Tiger Quolls (Dasyurus maculatus)

Modified Sugar Centrifugal Flotation Technique for Recovering Echinococcus multilocularis Eggs From Soil

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