Discrete phase modeling study for particle motion in storm water retention

Ho, Jungseok; Kim, Won-Il

doi:10.1007/s12205-012-1304-3

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, wetting time of the wetted solder increases and is in line with the weight percentage. Studies have shown that the discrete phase method (DPM) can be successfully used to trace the dispersion of particles [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Nano-reinforced Particles As Supplement To Sac-305mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Peak Temperature on SAC Nano-Reinforced Fillet Height

Mukhtar¹,

Abas²,

Ani³

et al. 2020

CFDL

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Recently, the addition of new materials into the conventional solder pastes provides a viable solution to optimize the material characteristics and properties of the nanoparticle filled solder paste. Addition of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles shown that it can enable better performance of the solder. However, actual industry experiment in terms of its optimum thermal profile for improved strength through good spread of nano-particles in the solder is very costly and lengthy to set up. Hence, this paper presents a preliminary study of the interaction between two models of numerical simulation namely volume of fluid (VOF) and discrete phase model (DPM) then compare with previous experimental data. This paper aims to analyse the effect of peak temperature towards the fillet height of ultra-fine SnAg -Cu (SAC) solder joints doped with TiO2 nanoparticles in an electronic assembly. For the purpose of this research, the weight percentage of the nanoparticles TiO2 with the SAC305 lead-free reinforced solder is varied at different peak temperature and investigated in terms of particles distribution, fillet height and thermal strain. This paper presents a 3D numerical simulation of nano-reinforced lead (Pb)-free solder at the ultra-fine joint component for 01005 capacitor with dimension of 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.4 mm³. The results obtained are confirmed by conducting an experiment using a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) joined with an EDS and X-ray diffraction machine. This study concludes that the best fillet height would be obtained at 250°C. The distributions of nanoparticles with 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt%, and 0.15 wt% of weighted percentage are effectively observed by using the HRTEM analysis. Based on the study, higher temperature of the wetting region that range between 240°C and 255°C results in better particle distributions, and fillet height of the solder by using temperature in that range meets the requirement of IPC standards.

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Section: Nano-reinforced Particles As Supplement To Sac-305mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Peak Temperature on SAC Nano-Reinforced Fillet Height

Mukhtar¹,

Abas²,

Ani³

et al. 2020

CFDL

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“…The DPM study involves modelling of various sizes and types of discrete particle that was applied on different kind of environments. Ho and Kim (2012) uses DPM model in the study of particle tracking in the water retention, Thiruvengadam et al (2016) also conducted the simulation model on DPM in Ansys Fluent for the study of particulate matter. Similarly, DPM was used in the study conducted by Rashidi et al (2016) for convective AL2O3-water nanofluid around a triangular obstacle and Lu et al (2016) which proves the compatibility of DPM model for computer virtual experiment on fluidized beds Based on previous study, the DPM model has been found successful to track the trajectory of the discrete particle in the continuous phase.…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different S AC Based Nanoparticles Types on the Reflow Soldering Process of Miniaturized Component using Discrete Phase Model Simulation

Mukhtar¹,

Abas²,

Haslinda³

et al. 2019

JAFM

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The wetting formation and nanoparticles dispersion on adding nanoparticles to the lead free solder Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) is methodically investigated using Discrete Phase Model (DPM) simulation and applied on a 01005 capacitor component. Different types of nanoparticles, namely titanium dioxide (TiO2), nickle oxide (NiO) and Iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) with varying weight percentages, 0.01wt%, 0.05wt% and 0.15wt% that is doped in SAC305 are used. The study of two-way interactions between multiphase volume of fluid (VOF) and discrete phase model (DPM) shows excellent capability in tracking the dispersed nanoparticles immersed in the wetted molten solder. In this study, real reflow profile temperature setup will be used to mimic the conventional reflow process. Based on the findings, the fillet height managed to achieve the minimum required height set by IPC standards. As the concentration of the nanoparticles doped in the molten solder increases, higher time is required for the wetting process. In general, the doped NiO nanoparticles at 0.05wt% has the lowest wetting time compared to other cases. The study of the instantaneous nanoparticles trajectory tracking was also conducted on a 3D model and 2D cross sectional view to identify the exact movement of the particles. Additionally, it was also observed that the velocity and pressure distribution increases as the weight percentage of the nanoparticles increases.

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Discriminant analysis for the prediction of sand mass distribution in an urban stormwater holding pond using simulated depth average flow velocity data

Dominic

Aris

Sulaiman

et al. 2016

Environ Monit Assess

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The approach of this paper is to predict the sand mass distribution in an urban stormwater holding pond at the Stormwater Management And Road Tunnel (SMART) Control Centre, Malaysia, using simulated depth average floodwater velocity diverted into the holding during storm events. Discriminant analysis (DA) was applied to derive the classification function to spatially distinguish areas of relatively high and low sand mass compositions based on the simulated water velocity variations at corresponding locations of gravimetrically measured sand mass composition of surface sediment samples. Three inflow parameter values, 16, 40 and 80 m(3) s(-1), representing diverted floodwater discharge for three storm event conditions were fixed as input parameters of the hydrodynamic model. The sand (grain size > 0.063 mm) mass composition of the surface sediment measured at 29 sampling locations ranges from 3.7 to 45.5%. The sampling locations of the surface sediment were spatially clustered into two groups based on the sand mass composition. The sand mass composition of group 1 is relatively lower (3.69 to 12.20%) compared to group 2 (16.90 to 45.55%). Two Fisher's linear discriminant functions, F 1 and F 2, were generated to predict areas; both consist of relatively higher and lower sand mass compositions based on the relationship between the simulated flow velocity and the measured surface sand composition at corresponding sampling locations. F 1 = -9.405 + 4232.119 × A - 1795.805 × B + 281.224 × C, and F 2 = -2.842 + 2725.137 × A - 1307.688 × B + 231.353 × C. A, B and C represent the simulated flow velocity generated by inflow parameter values of 16, 40 and 80 m(3) s(-1), respectively. The model correctly predicts 88.9 and 100.0% of sampling locations consisting of relatively high and low sand mass percentages, respectively, with the cross-validated classification showing that, overall, 82.8% are correctly classified. The model predicts that 31.4% of the model domain areas consist of high-sand mass composition areas and the remaining 68.6% comprise low-sand mass composition areas.

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Discrete phase modeling study for particle motion in storm water retention

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Peak Temperature on SAC Nano-Reinforced Fillet Height

Effect of Peak Temperature on SAC Nano-Reinforced Fillet Height

Effect of Different S AC Based Nanoparticles Types on the Reflow Soldering Process of Miniaturized Component using Discrete Phase Model Simulation

Discriminant analysis for the prediction of sand mass distribution in an urban stormwater holding pond using simulated depth average flow velocity data

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