Discrepant fluency increases subjective truth

Hansen, Jochim; Dechêne, Alice; Wänke, Michaela

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2007.04.005

Cited by 119 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It is the deviation from a baseline that makes the fluency signal salient, and thereby a diagnostic cue. This converges nicely with previous research demonstrating that feelings of familiarity result from a discrepancy between actual and expected fluency (Whittlesea & Williams, 1998;Whittlesea & Williams, 2000;Whittlesea & Williams, 2001a;Whittlesea & Williams, 2001b), that illusions of recognition memory due to fluency are more powerful in contexts of less fluent stimuli (Westerman, 2008), that ease-of-retrieval influences attitudes especially when there is a discrepancy between the actual retrieval experience and a previous standard , and that truth and mere-exposure effects are more pronounced when the fluency is in contrast to expectations (Hansen, Dechêne, & Wänke, 2008;Willems & Van der Linden, 2006). The present results are in line with this account.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mix me a list: Context moderates the truth effect and the mere-exposure effect

Dechêne

Stahl

Hansen

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mix me a list: Context moderates the truth effect and the mere-exposure effect

Dechêne

Stahl

Hansen

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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“…perceptual fluency was manipulated by presenting statements in colors that were high-and lowcontrast with the white background of the computer screen. color-contrast was manipulated by varying Rgb values, which is a well-established manipulation of perceptual fluency (e.g., hansen, dechêne, & Wänke, 2008;Reber & schwarz, 1999;Unkelbach, 2007). following the combination of values used in previous research (e.g., hansen et al, 2008;Unkelbach, 2007) we created a low-and high-contrast version of the colors blue (high-contrast: 110, 110, 225; low-contrast: 220, 220, 255) and orange (high-contrast: 242, 144, 0; low-contrast: 255, 255, 175).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Judging the Truth-Value of a Statement In and Out of a Deep Processing Context

Garcia‐Marques¹,

Silva²,

Mello³

2016

Social Cognition

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Individuals judge fluently processed statements truer than disfluent statements, which reflects an illusion of truth. A dual-processing approach to the truth effect suggests that cognitive resources and motivation for accuracy should moderate this effect. however, previous research has only manipulated participants' capacity during the encoding of the statements. We directly test an account of the truth effect based on processing features of system 1, manipulating both capacity and motivation at the time of the truth judgments. fluency was manipulated either through repetition (Experiment 1) or perceptual contrast (Experiment 2). Congruent with dualistic assumptions, the evaluations of participants in the high-capacity and highmotivation conditions differed from those of participants in the other three conditions. however, the pattern of the truth effect in that specific condition was not the same in both experiments: in Experiment 1, the illusion of truth was only reduced, whereas the effect was completely reversed in Experiment 2.

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“…Filkuková & Klempe, 2013), and more truthful (e.g. Hansen, Dechêne, & Wänke, 2008;McGlone & Tofighbakhsh, 2000;Reber & Schwarz, 1999; but see Scholl, Greifeneder, & Bless, 2014;Unkelbach, 2007; for boundary conditions), and they weigh them more heavily in their thinking (Shah & Oppenheimer, 2007).…”

Section: Consequences Of Cognitive Fluencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

Hoorens¹,

Bruckmüller²

2015

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Differences between groups, individuals, or objects can be framed in multiple ways. One can, for instance, say that men generally earn more than women or that women generally earn less than men. Showing that these logically equivalent expressions are not psychologically equivalent, we demonstrate a robust more–less asymmetry in the use of and responses to comparative statements. More specifically, we show that people use “more than” statements more often than “less than” statements (Study 1); like “more than” statements better (Studies 2 and 3), agree more with opinions expressed through “more than” statements (Studies 4 and 5), and are more likely to consider factual “more than” statements to be true (Study 6). Supporting a cognitive fluency explanation, a manipulation that makes people expect disfluency while processing “less than” statements reduces this otherwise robust more–less asymmetry (Study 7). By combining comparative framing effects with cognitive fluency, the present research brings together 2 research fields in social cognition, shedding new light on both.

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Discrepant fluency increases subjective truth

Cited by 119 publications

References 20 publications

Mix me a list: Context moderates the truth effect and the mere-exposure effect

Mix me a list: Context moderates the truth effect and the mere-exposure effect

Judging the Truth-Value of a Statement In and Out of a Deep Processing Context

Less is more? Think again! A cognitive fluency-based more–less asymmetry in comparative communication.

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