CaCO3/CaO thermochemical heat storage is one
of the
most prospective schemes for large-scale heat storage in the next-generation
concentrated solar power plants. MgO and ZnO can cooperatively enhance
the heat storage performance of CaO. However, the underlying mechanism
for the cooperative promotion of MgO and ZnO on the heat storage performance
of CaO remains unidentified. In this work, density functional theory
(DFT) calculations were applied to analyze the role of MgO and ZnO
in CaCO3/CaO heat storage processes. The thermodynamic
properties, structural evolution, and exothermic reactivity of CaO-based
materials were studied by DFT. Because of the influence of ZnO on
Ca–O bonds, ZnCa3O4 has a lower binding
energy than Ca4O4. ZnO enlarges the lattice
heat capacity and the phonons average velocity of CaO, thus improving
the thermal conductivity. The sintering resistance of M-C is mainly
due to the strong interaction of Mgs–Oc, but the interaction of Cac–Os is weak.
With the doping of ZnO, the strength of Cac–Os is improved, resulting in a stronger sintering resistance
of M-ZC. The exothermic reactivity of CaO is simultaneously affected
by the interactions between C and O in CaO and between Ca and O in
CO2. MgO–ZnO codoping facilitates the interactions
between Ca and O but harms the interactions between C and O. With
their combined influence, the Hirshfeld charge transfer of M-ZC for
CO2 is −0.5 e, which is 1.39 times that of CaO.
Besides, MgO–ZnO-codoped CaO was prepared by the wet-mixing
method and had heat storage tests. The experimental results support
the result obtained by the DFT calculation. Therefore, the probable
mechanism of the cooperative promotion on the CaCO3/CaO
heat storage process of CaO resulting from MgO–ZnO codoping
was determined.