Discovery and development of III-V compounds

Welker, H.

doi:10.1109/t-ed.1976.18471

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the late 1950's, Welker's proposal [4] that compound semiconductors from the III and V columns of the periodic system should have properties comparable to Ge and Si led to the detection of infrared (IR) emission from GaAs crystals with quantum efficiencies in the range of 0.01-0.1%.…”

Section: Brief History Of Led Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Semiconductor Revolution: This Time It's Lighting!

Haitz

2003

Advances in Solid State Physics

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Abstract.A 40 year old semiconductor technology, Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) has steadily improved performance and cost to a point where it will move from its home turf, signaling applications to the much larger market, general lighting. The white LEDs are building momentum at such a rapid rate that we predict a revolution in lighting comparable to blowing out the gaslights by Edison's incandescent lamp 100 years ago. One technology will compete for all applications from the smallest indicator lamp to the lighting system for sports stadiums. LEDs will provide superior performance and lower cost of ownership, at any point in this dynamic range of 11 orders of magnitude. A complete conversion to LED based lamps could reduce electricity consumption for lighting by up to 75% and reduce global coal production by approximately 600 Mtons/year. There is no single technology investment on the horizon with a better environmental benefits to cost ratio.

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Section: Brief History Of Led Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Semiconductor Revolution: This Time It's Lighting!

Haitz

2003

Advances in Solid State Physics

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“…6 along with data points for an assortment of cubic semiconductors. Many III-V and II-VI binaries [43][44] lie close to the auxetic line. The unary semiconductors Si, Ge, and C(d) are not auxetic [45][46].…”

Section: The Entries Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisson's ratios of technological materials

Ballato

2009

2009 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium Joint With the 22nd European Frequency and Time Forum

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Poisson's ratio (PR), the relation between lateral contraction of an elastic rod when subjected to a longitudinal extension, has a long and interesting history. For isotropic bodies, it can theoretically range from + ½ to -1; the experimental gamut for anisotropic materials is even larger. For the vast majority of materials the PR is positive for all combinations of directions. But as far back as the 1800s, Voigt and others found that for some materials negative values were encountered. Negative PR (nPR) values remained for many years merely a curiosity, but more recently some of the interesting technological consequences have come to be recognized [1-3]. Some of the counterintuitive acoustic possibilities of nPRs are analogous, in a certain fashion, to those arising with negative refraction electromagnetic materials [4]. Even when a material does not have nPR properties, if it is piezoelectric, then the PR can be altered, sometimes by appreciable amounts, by changing the electrical boundary conditions [5-6]. We review Poisson's ratio in crystals, describing technologically important materials that have small, or negative PRs. Potential applications of the nPR property are also mentioned.

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“…The latter fact may arise from the indirect energy-gap in these elemental semiconductors in contrast with the direct energy-gap in some III-V compound semiconductors which exhibit high rates of radiative combination of electrons and holes. The exploration of the III-V compound semiconductors was initiated through Welker's ingenuity and imagination, in the early 1950's, to produce semiconductor materials even more desirable for transistors than Ge or Si [13]. Although this initial expectation was not quite met, III-V compound semiconductors later found their most important applications in LED (light emitting diodes), injection lasers, Gunn microwave devices, etc.…”

Section: Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%