Disaster Risk Reduction and Emergency Preparedness for Children With Autism in Facing Earthquake Disaster in Yogyakarta

Indriasari, Fika Nur; Widyarani, Linda; K, Prima Daniyati

doi:10.18196/jmmr.7156

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…With the numerous disasters worldwide of terrorist attacks, tsunamis, hurricanes, bombings, and earthquakes, the lack of focus on their psychological implications for children with ASD started coming to attention (2). Yet, beyond one study showing individuals with ASD to have decreased adaptive behaviors after exposure to an earthquake, and another indicating disaster awareness training to increase disaster preparedness of children with ASD, there is no data on how individuals with ASD react to disasters in general (3,4). Additionally, beyond any previous disasters, there is no information on how individuals with ASD are affected by pandemics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions

2020

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During disasters and pandemics, vulnerable populations such as patients with mental conditions are known to be overly influenced. Yet, not much is known about how the individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions globally with a prevalence of 1%, are affected from health-related disasters, especially the current Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, we conducted an investigation of how individuals with ASD responded to Covid-19 in terms of comprehension and adherence to implemented measures; changes in their behavioral problems; and how their caregivers' anxiety levels relate with these behavioral changes. Our sample consisted of 87 individuals with ASD (15 girls; ages ranged from 3–29, with an average of 13.96 ± 6.1). The majority of our sample had problems understanding what Covid-19 is and the measures it requires. They also had challenges in implementing social distance and hygiene-related regulations of the pandemic. The majority stopped receiving special education during this period. We observed a Covid-19-related clinical presentation that resembled PTSD in individuals with ASD in terms of increased stereotypies, aggression, hypersensitivity, behavioral problems, and sleep and appetite alterations. All subscales of Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) differed significantly between before and after the pandemic conditions. The number of hours the children slept significantly decreased from before to during Covid-19. The anxiety levels of caregivers were high and correlated with the current behavioral problem levels of their children, but not with the level of their behavioral problems before the pandemic. The difference in ABC total score and specifically the lethargy/social withdrawal subscale score predicted parents' anxiety score. Our results suggest that the Covid-19 period inflicts specific challenges to individuals with ASD and their caregivers, underlining the need for targeted, distance special education interventions and other support services for this population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions

2020

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“…With the numerous disasters around the world, such as terrorist attacks, tsunamis, hurricanes, bombings, and earthquakes, a lack of focus on the psychological implications for children with ASD became apparent (Edmonds, 2017). However, aside from one study that found individuals with ASD to have decreased adaptive behaviors after being exposed to an earthquake, and another that found disaster awareness training to increase disaster preparedness in children with ASD, there is no data on how people with ASD react to disasters in general (Indriasari and Widyarani, 2018). Furthermore, aside from previous disasters, there is no information on how people with ASD are affected by pandemics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorder Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process, and Individuals’ Awareness and Reactions to Pandemic Conditions based on California, USA

Choi¹,

Chon²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Eng. int. (Dhaka)

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Vulnerable populations, such as patients with mental illnesses, are known to be overly influenced during disasters and pandemics. However, little is known about how people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions in the world with a prevalence of 1%, are affected by health-related disasters, particularly the current Covid-19 pandemic. We investigated how individuals with ASD responded to Covid-19 in terms of comprehension and adherence to implemented measures; changes in their behavioral problems; and how the anxiety levels of their caregivers relate to these behavioral changes. Our sample consisted of 50 individuals with ASD (30 male and 20 female; ages ranged from 3 to 14). The majority of our participants had trouble grasping what Covid-19 is and the measurements it necessitates. They also encountered difficulties in implementing pandemic-related social distance and hygiene regulations. During this time, the majority of students stopped receiving special education. In terms of increased stereo-types, aggression, hypersensitivity, behavioral problems, and sleep and appetite changes, we observed a Covid-19-related clinical presentation that resembled PTSD in individuals with ASD. Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) subscales differed significantly before and after the pandemic conditions. There were differences among the caregivers’ anxiety levels between the current behavioral problem levels to the behavioral problem levels prior to the pandemic. The difference in ABC total score, and specifically the lethargy/social withdrawal subscale score, predicted the anxiety score of the parents. Our findings suggest that the Covid-19 period poses unique challenges for people with ASD and their caregivers, emphasizing the importance of targeted, distance special education interventions and other support services for this population.

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Understanding the Andragogical Learning Experiences of High School Students With Severe Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jacobson

2022

Rethinking Perception and Centering the Voices of Unique Individuals

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The purpose of this chapter is to explore the virtual learning experiences of high school students with severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the COVID-19 pandemic-mandated stay-at-home order. This research seeks to strengthen the existing literature regarding best practices for andragogical learning for students with ASD. The COVID-19 pandemic presented unique learning challenges for students with severe ASD, including limited ability to meet individualized educational program (IEP) goals and access to essential services. This chapter illuminates the connection between suboptimal virtual learning practices for high school students with severe ASD and declines in mental health and both developmental and educational outcomes. As virtual learning is increasingly utilized and embedded into andragogical education, centering the experiences of students with severe ASD is essential. With this in mind, the chapter conveys the vision necessary for improving the best practices for virtual learning for students with severe ASD.

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Disaster Risk Reduction and Emergency Preparedness for Children With Autism in Facing Earthquake Disaster in Yogyakarta

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions

Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions

Autism Spectrum Disorder Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process, and Individuals’ Awareness and Reactions to Pandemic Conditions based on California, USA

Understanding the Andragogical Learning Experiences of High School Students With Severe Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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