Directions of Innovative Development of Transport Logistics in Ukraine

Abstract

Topicality. Technological innovations of the fourth industrial revolution have had a significant impact on the development of logistics and the organization of logistics and transportation throughout the world. These processes were also facilitated by the globalization of international trade, the transnationalization of large companies, and the growth of volumes of commodities’ production, which involves the unrestricted movement of resources and goods between countries and continents, which can only be realized under the presence of a strong and developed transport and logistics infrastructure. The growing role of transport and logistics services is confirmed by the UNCTAD data, according to which 63 % of the World's volume of investment stock belongs to the services sector, 23.4 % of which - to the transport and logistics services.The geo-strategic position of Ukraine allows it being a convenient place for transit transportation of cargoes and passengers between the countries of Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Four Crete transport corridors pass through Ukraine. The transit transposition of Ukraine is an absolute advantage of the country, which makes national market attractive for foreign investors and producers.World trends show, that recently in the sphere of transport logistics, new cargo delivery technologies and innovative approaches to transport infrastructure have emerged. That is why the relevance of the choice of the paper topic is related to the study of the impact of innovative technologies of the fourth industrial revolution on the development of transport logistics. There is a large number of ambitious projects that will be analyzed in this study. This will allow us formulating suggestions on the implementation of the most promising projects of transport logistics to implement them in Ukraine. They will be aimed at increasing the competitiveness of both logistics enterprises and the country as a whole.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of innovative technologies on the development of transport logistics in Ukraine and to formulate suggestions on the implementation of the most promising projects into the transport and logistics infrastructure of Ukraine.
 Research results. The article reveals the main meta-trends in the development of logistics for the nearest future, namely: 3D printing, IoT, UAV, autonomous transport and underground cargo delivery. The analysis of the logistics market showed, that in Ukraine over the past 10 years the development of logistics has showed a predominantly negative dynamics : almost no water transport (only 1 % of total freight turnover); due to the state of roads and restrictions on the traffic of large-sized transport, only recently road haulage has begun to show a positive dynamics, while rail transport is still the main type of cargo transportation in Ukraine. The project of a logistics infrastructure for underground cargo delivery for the Odessa region and Ukraine as a whole is suggested. Within the framework of this project, a possibility, the potential cost and the profit from the implementation of the underground cargo network in Ukraine have been analyzed. According to the analysis, at the expense of the profit from this project, the payback period will be 7 years, and only one year after the project implementation the profit is expected to increase by 51 %.
 Conclusion. Ukraine has an extremely favorable geopolitical location; several international transport corridors pass through the country, but at the moment the degree of the use of transport infrastructure in Ukraine is rather low. In recent years, the country has been active in supporting initiatives related to the development of international transport corridors, defining their creation and development as a priority direction in the development of the transport complex of Ukraine. According to the analysis, the attraction of investments for the introduction of modern transportation technologies will lead to a significant increase in the profit from freight transportation and will allow Ukraine to take the leading position in the market of logistics services in Europe.

Innovative development of transport sphere: economic, marketing, educational aspects

“…Along with this, Nabokov, & Nekrasov (2019) outline the major directions of innovative development of internal transport which will help solve the problematic issues. Chukurna et al (2019) offer applying meta-trends in the development of logistics for the near future (3D printing, IoT, UAVs, autonomous vehicles and delivery of underground cargo) as options for solving problems in the field of transport system.…”

Untitled

“…The methodological basis of the research is scientific works of many scientists, among which the following scientists have a significant contribution, such as: Ronald Lewis [12], Michael O'Guin [11], Robert Kaplan and Thomas Johnson [13]. M. Oklander [8,9], E. Krikavsky [7], O. Chukurna [2,3,4,5], T. Nestorenko [14,20], K. Topolska [18]. Thus, M. Oklander [8,9] formed the theoretical and applied provisions of logistics mechanisms of adaptation of enterprises to the external environment and proposed the principles and structure of the logistics system of the enterprise.…”

Model of business processes of delivery of goods during martial law

“…In particular, this is evidenced by the detailed analytical reviews of the problem used in our study to compare modeling methods: a review of theoretical models from 2014 to 2019 [1] and a scientometric analysis of supply chain management (SCM) [2]. There are also studies on models of the eff ects of risks on business processes in this sphere: modeling according to structural equations to ensure fl exibility of supplies under risk conditions [3]; identifying the relationship between the logistics capabilities of the enterprise, uncertainty, supply chain risk and logistics effi ciency [4]; whether the risk of supplying goods decreases with the supplier's participation in their development [5]; development of a model to determine the relationship between the topological characteristics of complex supply networks under risk conditions and their ability to be renewed [6]; study on the results of supply chain risk management (SCRM) [7]. Some aspects of the algorithmization presented in the above sources were useful for our research, but, in general, all these models are designed for moderate risk values and a slow rate of their change, which is not typical for the supply of goods under martial law.…”