Direct synthesis of graphitic carbon nanostructures from saccharides and their use as electrocatalytic supports

Abstract

An easy method is described for fabricating graphitic carbon nanostructures (GCNs)

Atomic scale investigations of catalyst and catalytic graphitization in a silicon and titanium doped graphite

“…Graphite with a distinctive crystal structure possesses various unique properties and engages extensive applications in the technological society [1][2][3][4]. It is well accepted that these special properties, especially high thermal and electrical conductivities in the ab directions, largely depend on the degree of graphitization of the graphitic materials [5,6].…”

Easy synthesis of graphitic carbon nanocoils from saccharides

“…Its main advantage is that both graphitizing and non-graphitizing carbons can be transformed into crystalline materials at relatively low temperatures (T < 1000ºC), whereas uncatalysed graphitization requires the use of temperatures greater than 2000-2500ºC and carbon precursors that have graphitizable properties. We have previously investigated the catalytic graphitization of several low-cost and widely available carbon precursors, such as sawdust [20] and saccharides [21]. In the course of our investigation a variety of graphitic carbon nanostructures, sometimes coexisting in 3 the same sample (i.e.…”

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials from Biopolymer Lignin via Catalytic Thermal Treatment at 700 to 1000 °C

“…Although the catalytic thermal treatment of biopolymers is a green and promising route for the production of CBNs, the low purity of the products and the difficulty of regulating the formation process remain problems, because these biopolymers show heterogeneity in both structure and composition [13].…”

“…Recently, a catalytic thermal treatment synthesis process has been developed for converting renewable biomass and biopolymers to CBNs, where renewable biomass and biopolymers such as sawdust, saccharides, lignosulfonate, and acetic acid lignin are thermally treated at 800 to 1200 • C using transition metal particles and various metal salts as catalysts [13][14][15][16]. Although the catalytic thermal treatment of biopolymers is a green and promising route for the production of CBNs, the low purity of the products and the difficulty of regulating the formation process remain problems, because these biopolymers show heterogeneity in both structure and composition [13].…”