Direct Renin Inhibitors in Arterial Hypertension Treatment

Abstract

Abstract. High blood pressurewas the leading cause of death and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Despite progress in treatment of hypertension, a number of people with uncontrolled or resistant hypertension increases. Hypertensive disorders are strongly linked with an overactive renin-angiotensin aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been a highly successful pharmacologic target, as the system is strongly implicated in the development of hypertension-related target organ damage.renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemrenin-angiotensin aldosterone system Aliskiren, an octanamide, is the firstof a new class of completely non-peptide, low-molecular-weight, orally active transitionstate renin inhibitors and only approved for the treatment of hypertension.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Hypertension: A Systemic Analysis of Various ACE Inhibitors, Their Side Effects, and Bioactive Peptides as a Putative Therapy for Hypertension

“…It is necessary for the regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis throughout the renin-angiotensin system [41]. RAS is the central monitor of arterial blood pressure, and ACE is one of its main regulators whose role is to convert the decapeptide angiotensin to an octapeptide angiotensin II [42], Ang-(1-9) to Ang-(1-7), and then other degrade its peptide to the inactive Ang- (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). ACE (kininase II) inactivates the vasodilators bradykinin-(1-9) and the kallikrein-kinin arrangement, by cleaving the C-terminal dipeptides.…”

“…Hypertension or high blood pressure, generally called arterial hypertension, is defined by the American Heart Association as persistent high blood pressure consistently higher or above 140/90 mm Hg with systolic 130 mm Hg or higher and diastolic 80 mm Hg or higher affecting billions of people and is a common factor of death [ 1 ]. Hypertension is assessed based on many factors including genetic factors and hereditary factors and in most cases can also be attributed to obesity, diabetes, and depression [ 2 ]. Hypertension is also recognized as the permanent increase in systolic blood pressure in the arterial blood vessels [ 3 ].…”