Direct patterning of nanoparticles and biomolecules by liquid nanodispensing

Fabié, Laure; Agostini, Pierre; Stopel, M.H.W.; Blum, Christian; Lassagne, B.; Subramaniam, Vinod; Ondarçuhu, Thierry

doi:10.1039/c4nr06824f

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…[2][3][4] These surface effects become even more pronounced when scaling down in size. 5 The resulting capillary force may be used to manipulate 6 or fabricate [7][8] 3D objects, whereas it may be detrimental in the development of MEMS and NEMS. It also leads to artifacts in atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape and Effective Spring Constant of Liquid Interfaces Probed at the Nanometer Scale: Finite Size Effects

et al. 2015

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We investigate the shape and mechanical properties of liquid interfaces down to nanometer scale by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with in situ micromanipulation techniques. In both cases, the interface is probed with a cylindrical nanofiber with radius R of the order of 25-100 nm. The effective spring constant of the nanomeniscus oscillated around its equilibrium position is determined by static and frequencymodulation (FM) AFM modes. In the case of an unbounded meniscus, we find that the effective spring constant k is proportional to the surface tension γ of the liquid through k = (0.51±0.06) γ, regardless of the excitation frequency from quasistatic up to 450 kHz. A model based on the equilibrium shape of the meniscus reproduces well the experimental data. Electron microscopy allowed to visualize the meniscus profile around the fiber with a lateral resolution of the order of 10 nm and confirmed its catenary shape. The influence of a lateral confinement of the interface is also investigated. We showed that the lateral extension L of the meniscus influences the effective spring constant following a logarithmic evolution k ~ 2πγ⁄ln(L/R) deduced from the model. This comprehensive study of liquid interface properties over more than four orders of magnitude in meniscus size, shows that advanced FM-AFM and SEM techniques are promising tools for the investigation of mechanical properties of liquids down to nanometer scale.2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape and Effective Spring Constant of Liquid Interfaces Probed at the Nanometer Scale: Finite Size Effects

et al. 2015

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“…Similar to rhodamine 6G, the buffer solution of the antibody was mixed with 20 wt% glycerol. Previous studies have already shown that glycerol-buffer mixtures can be used as a solvent for fluorescent proteins without any denaturation effects, structural changes or activity loss [ 2 , 22 ]. The loading procedure was similar to the rhodamine 6G experiment, and the results are shown in Fig 5a–5d as bright-field images and corresponding fluorescence images.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microchanneled atomic force microscopy (AFM) micropipettes are a versatile nanodispensing (NADIS) system, which can deliver the smallest necessary volumes and has facilitated many applications in surface functionalization [ 1 , 2 ], adhesion [ 3 , 4 ], spatial cell manipulation [ 5 – 7 ], injection [ 5 , 8 ] and lithography/nanoprinting [ 9 ] in recent years. In the first NADIS experiments, the dispensing of liquid was limited by capillarity and the opening of the tip [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multifunctional Frontloading Approach for Repeated Recycling of a Pressure-Controlled AFM Micropipette

Roder

Hille

2015

PLoS ONE

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Fluid force microscopy combines the positional accuracy and force sensitivity of an atomic force microscope (AFM) with nanofluidics via a microchanneled cantilever. However, adequate loading and cleaning procedures for such AFM micropipettes are required for various application situations. Here, a new frontloading procedure is described for an AFM micropipette functioning as a force- and pressure-controlled microscale liquid dispenser. This frontloading procedure seems especially attractive when using target substances featuring high costs or low available amounts. Here, the AFM micropipette could be filled from the tip side with liquid from a previously applied droplet with a volume of only a few μL using a short low-pressure pulse. The liquid-loaded AFM micropipettes could be then applied for experiments in air or liquid environments. AFM micropipette frontloading was evaluated with the well-known organic fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G and the AlexaFluor647-labeled antibody goat anti-rat IgG as an example of a larger biological compound. After micropipette usage, specific cleaning procedures were tested. Furthermore, a storage method is described, at which the AFM micropipettes could be stored for a few hours up to several days without drying out or clogging of the microchannel. In summary, the rapid, versatile and cost-efficient frontloading and cleaning procedure for the repeated usage of a single AFM micropipette is beneficial for various application situations from specific surface modifications through to local manipulation of living cells, and provides a simplified and faster handling for already known experiments with fluid force microscopy.

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“…After the sample has been dried, the nanopatterns can be characterized with a regular AFM probe after exchanging tips. Nanodispensing, as outlined in figure 4a, was used to deposit 25 nm polystyrene nanoparticles onto silicon oxide and glass substrates functionalized with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) through electrostatic interactions [44]. A drop of liquid was placed on top of a modified AFM cantilever with a channel for dispensing (Figure 4b).…”

Section: Nanodispensing Of Nanoparticles To Form Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overview of the Protocols Applied for Patterning and Characterizing Nanoparticles[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches for Sample Characterization and Lithography with Nanoparticles using Modes of Scanning Probe Microscopy

Garno¹,

Jegede²,

McKee³

et al. 2019

Madridge J Anal Sci Instrum

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Measurement and imaging modes of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have been routinely applied for characterizing systems of nanoparticles; however the evolution of fabrication methods to prepare arrangements of nanoparticles remains a challenge. Reproducible fabrication of surface structures which integrate nanoparticles within ultra-small patterns will require innovative approaches to achieve high throughput and precision. Strategies for nanoscale lithography have been introduced for preparing defined arrangements of nanoparticles on surfaces based on physical or chemical interactions. For example, physisorption was employed for attaching nanoparticles based on colloidal lithography and site-directed assembly. Microfabricated atomic force microscope (AFM) tips with capillary channels have been used to pattern nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions. Specific chemical interactions can be designed for patterning nanoparticles with dip-pen nanolithography and SPM-based fabrication. Studies with nanoparticles are reviewed, which have applied either in situ and ex situ approaches for imaging and measurements using modes of SPM. The imaging principle for contact and tapping modes are described with example studies of nanoparticle patterns. The SPM modes for measuring physical properties (e.g. magnetism, softness, conductance) using force modulation microscopy (FMM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), magnetic sample modulation (MSM), and conductive probe AFM are described for selected studies of lithography with nanoparticles. Strategies for patterning nanoparticles using lithography modes of nanoshaving, dip-pen nanolithography, and tip-induced oxidation have been reported for a range of nanoparticle systems. Applications for nanotechnology will require the integration of nanoparticles within engineered surface architectures. Stable, organized arrangements of nanoparticles with robust chemical/physical attachment to surfaces will be needed for applications, to fully gain advantages of the characteristic quantum properties of nanoparticles.

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Direct patterning of nanoparticles and biomolecules by liquid nanodispensing

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Shape and Effective Spring Constant of Liquid Interfaces Probed at the Nanometer Scale: Finite Size Effects

Shape and Effective Spring Constant of Liquid Interfaces Probed at the Nanometer Scale: Finite Size Effects

A Multifunctional Frontloading Approach for Repeated Recycling of a Pressure-Controlled AFM Micropipette

Approaches for Sample Characterization and Lithography with Nanoparticles using Modes of Scanning Probe Microscopy

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