Abstract:The generation of stress in a pore due to salt crystallization is generally analysed as a compressive stress generation mechanism using the concept of crystallization pressure. We report on a completely different stress generation mechanism. In contrast with the classical picture where the crystal pushes the pore wall, the crystal growth leads to the generation of a local tensile stress. This tensile stress occurs next to a region where a compressive stress is generated, thus inducing also shear stresses. The … Show more
“…As mentioned earlier, the evaporation-induced solute accumulation can eventually lead to their crystallization or even to the solidification of the solution. In the context of evaporation in porous media, this leads to efflorescence, i.e., the formation of salt crystals on the surface of a porous medium, and microfluidic tools are key for in situ observations of these phenomena; see, for instance, refs and or ref in the context of saline precipitation hindering carbon capture and storage processes in deep aquifers and the review in ref on the issue of crystallization in confinement.…”
Section: Passive
Concentration: From Dilute To Concentrated
Solutions...mentioning
Evaporation, pervaporation, and forward
osmosis are processes leading
to a mass transfer of solvent across an interface: gas/liquid for
evaporation and solid/liquid (membrane) for pervaporation and osmosis.
This Review provides comprehensive insight into the use of these processes
at the microfluidic scales for applications ranging from passive pumping
to the screening of phase diagrams and micromaterials engineering.
Indeed, for a fixed interface relative to the microfluidic chip, these
processes passively induce flows driven only by gradients of chemical
potential. As a consequence, these passive-transport phenomena lead
to an accumulation of solutes that cannot cross the interface and
thus concentrate solutions in the microfluidic chip up to high concentration
regimes, possibly up to solidification. The purpose of this Review
is to provide a unified description of these processes and associated
microfluidic applications to highlight the differences and similarities
between these three passive-transport phenomena.
“…As mentioned earlier, the evaporation-induced solute accumulation can eventually lead to their crystallization or even to the solidification of the solution. In the context of evaporation in porous media, this leads to efflorescence, i.e., the formation of salt crystals on the surface of a porous medium, and microfluidic tools are key for in situ observations of these phenomena; see, for instance, refs and or ref in the context of saline precipitation hindering carbon capture and storage processes in deep aquifers and the review in ref on the issue of crystallization in confinement.…”
Section: Passive
Concentration: From Dilute To Concentrated
Solutions...mentioning
Evaporation, pervaporation, and forward
osmosis are processes leading
to a mass transfer of solvent across an interface: gas/liquid for
evaporation and solid/liquid (membrane) for pervaporation and osmosis.
This Review provides comprehensive insight into the use of these processes
at the microfluidic scales for applications ranging from passive pumping
to the screening of phase diagrams and micromaterials engineering.
Indeed, for a fixed interface relative to the microfluidic chip, these
processes passively induce flows driven only by gradients of chemical
potential. As a consequence, these passive-transport phenomena lead
to an accumulation of solutes that cannot cross the interface and
thus concentrate solutions in the microfluidic chip up to high concentration
regimes, possibly up to solidification. The purpose of this Review
is to provide a unified description of these processes and associated
microfluidic applications to highlight the differences and similarities
between these three passive-transport phenomena.
We experimentally characterized the wettability-dependent fluid invasion dynamics, including transient interfacial meniscus, multiphase flow path, and fluid trapping behaviors, in 3D-printed transparent rock micromodels with 2 μm feature resolution.
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