Direct observation of deterministic domain wall trajectory in magnetic network structures

Sethi, Pankaj; Murapaka, Chandrasekhar; Goolaup, S.; Chen, Yunjie; Leong, Siang Huei; Lew, Wen Siang

doi:10.1038/srep19027

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…However, care is needed because the walls may transform into domain walls of opposite chirality for particular magnetic fields and geometries 64,65 , and the propagation behaviour of the domain walls depends on the magnitude and orientation of the applied magnetic fields [66][67][68] . To circumvent these effects, the geometry of the Y-junctions can be modified so that the symmetry of the branches is reduced, giving a deterministic domain wall path that is independent of the domain-wall chirality 69 . It is also possible to nucleate domain walls in particular positions in connected artificial spin ice using a magnetic tip such as that found in a magnetic force microscope (MFM), thereby creating specific magnetic configurations at will 70 .…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in artificial spin ice

et al. 2019

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Artificial spin ices consist of nanomagnets arranged on the sites of various periodic and aperiodic lattices. They have enabled the experimental investigation of a variety of fascinating phenomena such as frustration, emergent magnetic monopoles and phase transitions that have previously been the domain of bulk spin crystals and theory , as we discuss in this Review. Artificial spin ices also show promise as reprogrammable magnonic crystals and, with this in mind, we give an overview of the measurements of fast dynamics in these magnetic metamaterials. We survey the variety of geometries that have been implemented, in terms of both the form of the nanomagnets and the lattices on which they are placed, including quasicrystalline systems and artificial spin systems in 3D. Different magnetic materials can also be incorporated to modify anisotropies and blocking temperatures, for example. With this large variety of systems, the way is open to discover new phenomena, and we complete this Review with possible directions for the future.

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Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in artificial spin ice

et al. 2019

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“…Thus far, the poorly controlled nature of DW propagation through the cross without a syphon has been an effect that limits the use of n-CL structures for sensors. Despite some studies on the propagation of the DW in split paths [19,[22][23][24], DW dynamics propagating through the center of the cross is not yet fully understood, particularly its behavior about the reversal of the vertical arm of the cross.…”

Section: A Crossing Of Two Magnetic Stripesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Propagation of Magnetic Domain Walls in Cross Structures for Advanced Multiturn Sensors

et al. 2017

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We develop and analyze an advanced concept for a domain-wall-based sensing of rotations. Moving domain walls in n closed loops with n − 1 intersecting convolutions by rotating fields, we are able to sense n rotations. By combining loops with coprime numbers of rotations, we create a sensor system allowing for the total counting of millions of turns of a rotating applied magnetic field. We analyze the operation of the sensor and identify the intersecting cross structures as the critical component for reliable operation. Specifically, depending on the orientation of the applied field angle with the magnetization in the branches of the cross, a domain wall is found to propagate in an unwanted direction, yielding failures and counting errors in the device. To overcome this limiting factor, we introduce a specially designed syphon structure to the controlled pinning of the domain wall before the cross and depinning and propagation only for a selected range of applied field angles. By adjusting the syphon and the cross geometry, we find that the optimized combination of both structures prevents failures in the full sensor structure yielding robust operation. Our modeling results show that the optimized element geometry allows for the realization of the sensor with cross-shaped intersections and an operation that is tolerant to inaccuracies of the fabrication.

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“…Individual magnetic textures such as artificial skyrmions and merons can also be nucleated via domain imprinting in exchange coupled multilayers playing with geometry, in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropy layers or antiferromagnetic couplings [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In the case of magnetic nanostructures with in-plane magnetic anisotropy, magnetic vortices and edge half vortices are the most relevant topological defects needed to understand magnetization reversal [20] in nanowires [21] and bifurcations [22]. Also, in films with ordered arrays of antidots [23] or honeycomb lattices [24], it has been shown that vortex wall propagation can be controlled through the configuration of edge half vortices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological defects in weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy NdCo honeycomb lattices

et al. 2018

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Domain configuration has been studied by magnetic force microscopy and micromagnetic simulations in NdCo honeycomb lattices in comparison with similar patterned structures made of polycrystalline Co. The change in material anisotropy from in-plane to weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (wPMA) modifies the basic domain structure and relevant topological defects in the magnetization in each case: from in-plane domains, vortices, antivortices and half vortices in Co lattices to parallel stripe patterns with dislocations in NdCo samples with large enough thickness. A characteristic feature of wPMA materials is the possibility to drive the system from in-plane to stripe pattern configuration playing with sample thickness (during growth) or with magnetic anisotropy (as a function of temperature). It has allowed us to observe complex magnetic textures within the stripe pattern of NdCo samples imprinted from previous magnetic vortex and antivortex states that nucleate within the honeycomb lattice during the early stages of deposition and, then, become frozen by local rotatable anisotropy as sample thickness increases.

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Direct observation of deterministic domain wall trajectory in magnetic network structures

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Advances in artificial spin ice

Advances in artificial spin ice

Reliable Propagation of Magnetic Domain Walls in Cross Structures for Advanced Multiturn Sensors

Topological defects in weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy NdCo honeycomb lattices

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