Direct measurement of cochlear parameters for automatic calculation of the cochlear duct length

Khurayzi, Tawfiq; Almuhawas, Fida; Sanosi, Abdulrahman Al

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2020.218

Cited by 27 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Concerning the observed significant difference of CDL in male and female patients in the present study, other studies also found longer cochleae in male individuals [27,44,45]. Contributing to the difference might be correlation to a larger height in the individual or a larger head diameter, which has not been investigated so far.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…The second study of Canfarotta et al investigated the variability in frequency-to-place mismatch in 111 recipients listening with CI and electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) measuring the respective AID with the OTOPLAN software with lesser focus on anatomic variations [24]. Other studies analyzing the CDL regarding age or sex had smaller cohorts and lacked of an analysis of the interrater reliability [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation of the cochlear anatomy and cochlea duct length: analysis with a new tablet-based software

Spiegel

Polterauer

Hempel

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Purpose In cochlear implantation, thorough preoperative planning together with measurement of the cochlear duct length (CDL) assists in choosing the correct electrode length. For measuring the CDL, different techniques have been introduced in the past century along with the then available technology. A tablet-based software offers an easy and intuitive way to visualize and analyze the anatomy of the temporal bone, its proportions and measure the CDL. Therefore, we investigated the calculation technique of the CDL via a tablet-based software on our own cohort retrospectively. Methods One hundred and eight preoperative computed tomography scans of the temporal bone (slice thickness < 0.7 mm) of already implanted FLEX28™ and FLEXSOFT™ patients were found eligible for analysis with the OTOPLAN software. Measurements were performed by two trained investigators independently. CDL, angular insertion depth (AID), and cochlear coverage were calculated and compared between groups of electrode types, sex, sides, and age. Results Mean CDL was 36.2 ± 1.8 mm with significant differences between sex (female: 35.8 ± 0.3 mm; male: 36.5 ± 0.2 mm; p = 0.037), but none concerning side or age. Differences in mean AID (FLEX28: 525.4 ± 46.4°; FLEXSOFT: 615.4 ± 47.6°), and cochlear coverage (FLEX28: 63.9 ± 5.6%; FLEXSOFT: 75.8 ± 4.3%) were significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion A broad range of CDL was observed with significant larger values in male, but no significant differences concerning side or age. Almost every cochlea was measured longer than 31.0 mm. Preoperative assessment aids in prevention of complications (incomplete insertion, kinking, tipfoldover), attempt of atraumatic insertion, and addressing individual necessities (hearing preservation, cochlear malformation). The preferred AID of 720° (two turns of the cochlea) was never reached, opening the discussion for the requirement of longer CI-electrodes versus a debatable audiological benefit for the patient in his/her everyday life.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of the cochlear anatomy and cochlea duct length: analysis with a new tablet-based software

Spiegel

Polterauer

Hempel

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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“…The third model ( n = 54 studies, 62 subgroups) was created by excluding the studies involving patients with CSNHL from the second as post‐hoc 23–25 . There were no significant differences in the OC length according to the eight covariates (Supporting Table 14).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean OC length was calculated to be 28.73 mm ± 1.16, which was considerably shorter than the overall estimation of the current meta‐analysis as 32.94 mm (95% CI: 32.51–33.38). Khurayzi et al 25 measured the “A” value and found 8.43 mm ± 0.39 in patients with CSNHL. Eser et al 23 presented a case–control study and compared 2.5 turns of a normal‐looking cochlea in the tomographic examination with the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Cochlear Size: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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Objectives To determine the cochlea's average size in humans and evaluate the relationships between certain covariates and cochlear size. Methods A systematic search on articles on cochlear size and published in English was conducted using Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to September 15, 2020. Data were pooled using random‐effects with three models. The effect of demographic, clinical, and measurement‐related parameters was specifically analyzed. Meta‐regression and subgroup analyses were conducted. The overall effect estimation was made for outcomes. Results The meta‐analysis included 4,708 cochleae from 56 studies. The overall length of the organ of Corti was 32.94 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.51–33.38). The first and second models revealed that age, gender, country, continent, measurement method (direct, indirect), measured structure (“A” value, cochlear lateral wall), origin (in vivo, in vitro), and type (histology specimens, plastic casts, imaging) of the cochlear material did not affect the cochlear size. However, study populations (general population, patients with a cochlear implant, and patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss [CSNHL]) were found to affect the outcomes. Compared to the other populations, patients with CSNHL had shorter cochleae. Therefore, we developed a third model and found that the general population and patients with cochlear implants did not differ in cochlear size. Conclusion This meta‐analysis investigated the factors that could affect the cochlear size and found that patients with CSNHL had significantly shorter cochleae, whereas other covariates had no significant effect. Laryngoscope, 132:188–197, 2022

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“…That is in contrast to studies on measurements of CDL OC using the corresponding software. The authors described a shorter mean length for CDL OC with 32.91 mm [39] and 32.84 mm [29]. This may be explained by the fact that only conventional MSCT was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Implementation of secondary reconstructions of flat-panel volume computed tomography (fpVCT) and otological planning software for anatomically based cochlear implantation

Müller-Graff¹,

Ilgen²,

Schendzielorz³

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Purpose For further improvements in cochlear implantation, the measurement of the cochlear duct length (CDL) and the determination of the electrode contact position (ECP) are increasingly in the focus of clinical research. Usually, these items were investigated by multislice computed tomography (MSCT). The determination of ECP was only possible by research programs so far. Flat-panel volume computed tomography (fpVCT) and its secondary reconstructions (fpVCTSECO) allow for high spatial resolution for the visualization of the temporal bone structures. Using a newly developed surgical planning software that enables the evaluation of CDL and the determination of postoperative ECP, this study aimed to investigate the combination of fpVCT and otological planning software to improve the implementation of an anatomically based cochlear implantation. Methods Cochlear measurements were performed utilizing surgical planning software in imaging data (MSCT, fpVCT and fpVCTSECO) of patients with and without implanted electrodes. Results Measurement of the CDL by the use of an otological planning software was highly reliable using fpVCTSECO with a lower variance between the respective measurements compared to MSCT. The determination of the inter-electrode-distance (IED) between the ECP was improved in fpVCTSECO compared to MSCT. Conclusion The combination of fpVCTSECO and otological planning software permits a simplified and more reliable analysis of the cochlea in the pre- and postoperative setting. The combination of both systems will enable further progress in the development of an anatomically based cochlear implantation.

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Direct measurement of cochlear parameters for automatic calculation of the cochlear duct length

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Variation of the cochlear anatomy and cochlea duct length: analysis with a new tablet-based software

Variation of the cochlear anatomy and cochlea duct length: analysis with a new tablet-based software

Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Cochlear Size: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Implementation of secondary reconstructions of flat-panel volume computed tomography (fpVCT) and otological planning software for anatomically based cochlear implantation

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