Direct Control of Germline Stem Cell Division and Cyst Growth by Neural Insulin in
            <i>Drosophila</i>

LaFever, Leesa; Drummond‐Barbosa, Daniela

doi:10.1126/science.1111410

Cited by 307 publications

(344 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In mice, an unknown factor or factors from the young systemic environment can rejuvenate aged muscles and hepatic stem/precursor cells through upregulating the Notch signaling pathway [56]. Two recent exciting studies in the Drosophila ovary have identified insulin as a systemic factor for controlling GSC proliferation [57,58]. The GSCs defective in insulin signaling divide much slower than wild-type ones.…”

Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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Only a small number of cells in adult tissues (the stem cells) possess the ability to self-renew at every cell division, while producing differentiating daughter cells to maintain tissue homeostasis for an organism's lifetime. The Drosophila ovary harbors three different types of stem cell populations (germline stem cell (GSC), somatic stem cell (SSC) and escort stem cell (ESC)) located in a simple anatomical structure known as germarium, rendering it one of the best model systems for studying stem cell biology due to reliable stem cell identification and available sophisticated genetic tools for manipulating gene functions. Particularly, the niche for the GSC is among the first and best studied ones, and studies on the GSC and its niche have made many unique contributions to a better understanding of relationships between stem cells and their niche. So far, both the GSC and the SSC have been shown to be regulated by extrinsic factors originating from their niche and intrinsic factors functioning within. Multiple signaling pathways are required for controlling GSC and SSC self-renewal and differentiation, which provide unique opportunities to investigate how multiple signals from the niche are interpreted in the stem cell. Since the Drosophila ovary contains three types of stem cells, it also provides outstanding opportunities to study how multiple stem cells in a given tissue work collaboratively to contribute to tissue function and maintenance. This review highlights recent major advances in studying Drosophila ovarian stem cells and also discusses future directions and challenges.

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Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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“…Another signal secreted from the niche, Hedgehog (Hh), also contributes to GSC self-renewal (King et al ., 2001). In addition to the regulation by the local environment, neuronal insulin-like peptide secreted from the brain regulates GSC division through activation of the insulin receptor signaling activity in GSCs (LaFever & Drummond-Barbosa, 2005). Nutrition mediated through the insulin pathway also affects GSC activity (Drummond-Barbosa & Spradling, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related changes of germline stem cell activity, niche signaling activity and egg production in Drosophila

et al. 2008

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SummaryAdult stem cells are important in replenishing aged cells to maintain tissue homeostasis. Aging in turn may exert profound effects on stem cell's regenerative potential, but to date the mechanisms of such stem cell aging are poorly understood, and it is not clear to what extent stem cell aging contributes to tissue or organ aging. Here we show in female Drosophila that germline stem cell (GSC) division rate progressively declines with age, which is accompanied by reduced decapentaplegic ( dpp ) niche signaling pathway activation within GSCs. Egg production also rapidly declines with age, which is accompanied by both decreased stem cell division and increased incidence of cell death of developing eggs, especially in the oldest females. Genetically increasing dpp expression delays GSC activity decline and transiently increases egg production. We conclude that age-related decline of reproduction is caused by both decreased GSC activity and increased incidence of cell death during oogenesis, while decreased GSC activity is attributed to declined signaling from the regulatory niche. We suggest that niche functional decay may be an important mechanism for stem cell aging and system failure.

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“…Strikingly, brain-expressed Dilps have been shown to act directly upon GSC, controlling the production of new egg chambers (LaFever and Drummond-Barbosa, 2005). Ablation of Dilp-secreting neurons, or, genetic disruption of the Drosophila-insulin receptor within the germline (as shown by mosaic analysis) both result in severely compromised GSC production of new egg chambers (LaFever and Drummond-Barbosa, 2005).…”

Section: Fhv Infection Correlates With Altered Expression Of Drosophimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ablation of Dilp-secreting neurons, or, genetic disruption of the Drosophila-insulin receptor within the germline (as shown by mosaic analysis) both result in severely compromised GSC production of new egg chambers (LaFever and Drummond-Barbosa, 2005). When flies are placed under nutritional restriction, dilp3 and dilp5 levels decrease while dilp2 expression remains unchanged (Ikeya et al, 2002).…”

Section: Fhv Infection Correlates With Altered Expression Of Drosophimentioning

confidence: 99%

Oocyte destruction is activated during viral infection

Thomson

Schneemann

Johnson

2012

Genesis

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Summary: Viral infection has been associated with a starvation-like state in Drosophila melanogaster. Because starvation and inhibiting TOR kinase activity in vivo result in blocked oocyte production, we hypothesized that viral infection would also result in compromised oogenesis. Wild-type flies were injected with flock house virus (FHV) and survival and embryo production were monitored. Infected flies had a doseresponsive loss of fecundity that corresponded to a global reduction in Akt/TOR signaling. Highly penetrant egg chamber destruction mid-way through oogenesis was noted and FHV coat protein was detected within developing egg chambers. As seen with in vivo TOR inhibition, oogenesis was partially rescued in loss of function discs large and merlin mutants. As expected, mutants in genes known to be involved in virus internalization and trafficking [Clathrin heavy chain (chc) and synaptotagmin] survive longer during infection. However, oogenesis was rescued only in chc mutants. This suggests that viral response mechanisms that control fly survival and egg chamber survival are separable. The genetic and signaling requirements for oocyte destruction delineated here represent a novel host-virus interaction with implications for the control of both fly and virus populations. genesis 50:453-465, 2012. V V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Direct Control of Germline Stem Cell Division and Cyst Growth by Neural Insulin in Drosophila

Cited by 307 publications

References 20 publications

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

Age‐related changes of germline stem cell activity, niche signaling activity and egg production in Drosophila

Oocyte destruction is activated during viral infection

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