Dimensional transmutation by monopole condensation in QCD

Cho, Y. M.; Yoon, Ji Hye

doi:10.1103/physrevd.87.085025

Cited by 36 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Indeed the lower panel of Figure 8 shows that the standard deviation of magnetic field distribution (the dashed curve; see Equation (16) for definition) shows a linear growth after a certain time, before which its behavior is very similar to that of a passive scalar field (the solid curve). This behavior is very similar to that of a localized seed magnetic field in unit magnetic Prandtl number turbulence (see Cho 2013 for numerical methods and detailed discussions).…”

Section: Homogenization Ratesupporting

confidence: 67%

Origin of Magnetic Field in the Intracluster Medium: Primordial or Astrophysical?

Cho

2014

ApJ

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The origin of magnetic fields in clusters of galaxies is still an unsolved problem, which is largely due to our poor understanding of initial seed magnetic fields. If the seed magnetic fields have primordial origins, it is likely that large-scale pervasive magnetic fields were present before the formation of the large-scale structure. On the other hand, if they were ejected from astrophysical bodies, they were highly localized in space at the time of injection. In this paper, using turbulence dynamo models for high magnetic Prandtl number fluids, we find constraints on the seed magnetic fields. The hydrodynamic Reynolds number based on the Spitzer viscosity in the intracluster medium (ICM) is believed to be less than O(10 2 ), while the magnetic Reynolds number can be much larger than that. In this case, if the seed magnetic fields have primordial origins, they should be stronger than O(10 −11 )G, which is very close to the upper limit of O(10 −9 )G set by the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations. On the other hand, if the seed magnetic fields were ejected from astrophysical bodies, any seed magnetic fields stronger than O(10 −9 )G can safely magnetize the intracluster medium. Therefore, it is less likely that primordial magnetic fields are the direct origin of present-day magnetic fields in the ICM.

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Section: Homogenization Ratesupporting

confidence: 67%

Origin of Magnetic Field in the Intracluster Medium: Primordial or Astrophysical?

Cho

2014

ApJ

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“…The CDGFN and CFN decompositions have been already used for various purposes, as suggested from the titles of the papers [229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239]. Recently, a decomposition similar to the minimal option for SU(N) has been studied in [240].…”

Section: Other Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quark confinement: Dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian Stokes theorem and reformulations of Yang–Mills theory

et al. 2015

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The purpose of this paper is to review the recent progress in understanding quark confinement. The emphasis of this review is placed on how to obtain a manifestly gauge-independent picture for quark confinement supporting the dual superconductivity in the Yang-Mills theory, which should be compared with the Abelian projection proposed by 't Hooft. The basic tools are novel reformulations of the YangMills theory based on change of variables extending the decomposition of the SU(N) Yang-Mills field due to Cho, Duan-Ge and Faddeev-Niemi, together with the combined use of extended versions of the Diakonov-Petrov version of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the SU(N) Wilson loop operator.Moreover, we give the lattice gauge theoretical versions of the reformulation of the Yang-Mills theory which enables us to perform the numerical simulations on the lattice. In fact, we present some numerical evidences for supporting the dual superconductivity for quark confinement. The numerical simulations include the derivation of the linear potential for static interquark potential, i.e., non-vanishing string tension, in which the "Abelian" dominance and magnetic monopole dominance are established, confirmation of the dual Meissner effect by measuring the chromoelectric flux tube between quark-antiquark pair, the induced magnetic-monopole current, and the type of dual superconductivity, etc. In addition, we give a direct connection between the topological configuration of the Yang-Mills field such as instantons/merons and the magnetic monopole.We show especially that magnetic monopoles in the Yang-Mills theory can be constructed in a manifestly gauge-invariant way starting from the gauge-invariant Wilson loop operator and thereby the contribution from the magnetic monopoles can be extracted from the Wilson loop in a gauge-invariant way through the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator, which is a prerequisite for exhibiting magnetic monopole dominance for quark confinement. The Wilson loop average is calculated according to the new reformulation written in terms of new field variables obtained from the original Yang-Mills field based on change of variables. The Maximally Abelian gauge in the original Yang-Mills theory is also reproduced by taking a specific gauge fixing in the reformulated Yang-Mills theory. This observation justifies the preceding results obtained in the maximal Abelian gauge at least for gaugeinvariant quantities for SU(2) gauge group, which eliminates the criticism of gauge artifact raised for the Abelian projection. The claim has been confirmed based on the numerical simulations.However, for SU(N) (N ≥ 3), such a gauge-invariant reformulation is not unique, although the extension along the line proposed by Cho, Faddeev and Niemi is possible. In fact, we have found that there are a number of possible options of the reformulations, which are discriminated by the maximal stability 1 groupH of G, while there is a unique option ofH = U(1) for G = SU(2). The maximal stability group depends...

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“…Based on the magnetic symmetry structure of non-Abelian gauge groups, a dual gauge formulation [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. which produce the magnetic condensation dynamically for its vacuum and provides a gauge invariant investigation and topological ground of confinement, the resulting dual QCD has been a subject of utmost importance to analyze the Quark-gluon plasma phase of the hadronic matter.…”

Section: Dual Qcd Formalism With Magnetic Symmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependent Hadronic Bag and QGP Phase Transition in Dual QCD

Punetha

Chandola

2018

Eurasian J. Phys. Funct. Mater.

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Based on the magnetic symmetry structure of non-Abelian gauge theories, a dual QCD gauge theory has been constructed which takes into account the local structure as well as the topological features of the color gauge group into its dynamics in a completely dual-symmetric way. Using such dual version of QCD in thermal domain following the partition function approach and the grand canonical ensemble formulation, the phase transition from hadron to QGP phase has been investigated within the framework of temperature dependent hadronic bag in the entire T − µ plane. The various thermodynamic properties like pressure, energy density, speed of sound and specific heat of the hadron/QGP phase have been evaluated and shown to lead an evidence for the first order phase transition. In the region around T c < T < 4T c , the specific heat and speed of sound are strongly influenced by the magnetically charged particles directly related to thermal monopoles evaporating from the magnetic condensate present at low temperature.

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Dimensional transmutation by monopole condensation in QCD

Cited by 36 publications

References 65 publications

Origin of Magnetic Field in the Intracluster Medium: Primordial or Astrophysical?

Origin of Magnetic Field in the Intracluster Medium: Primordial or Astrophysical?

Quark confinement: Dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian Stokes theorem and reformulations of Yang–Mills theory

Temperature Dependent Hadronic Bag and QGP Phase Transition in Dual QCD

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