Digital cameras with designs inspired by the arthropod eye

Song, Young Min; Xie, Yizhu; Malyarchuk, Viktor; Xiao, Jianliang; Jung, Inhwa; Choi, Ki Joong; Liu, Zhuangjian; Park, Hyunsung; Li, Chaofeng; Kim, Rak Hwan; Li, Rui; Crozier, Kenneth B.; Huang, Yonggang; Rogers, John A.

doi:10.1038/nature12083

Cited by 976 publications

(771 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Figure 1a presents a schematic illustration of a device with a peelaway view at one of the corners to illustrate the multilayered construction. The top layer is a thin (B5 mm) electronic system consisting of metal, polymer and semiconductor materials in an open mesh architecture composed of narrow filamentary serpentine (FS) traces (widths B60 mm) 9,10 . The system shown here consists of three independent functional components; a wireless thermal conductivity sensor that uses a stretchable radio frequency (RF) antenna (Cu, 3 mm thickness) coupled to an element for Joule heating (Au/Cr, 100/10 nm thickness); an optical blood oximetry monitor that uses a microscale inorganic red light emitting diode (m-ILED; 150 Â 150 mm 2 , B2.5 mm thick; AlInGaP, with emission wavelength of 650 nm) 11,12 ; and an electrophysiological (EP) sensor based on three separate electrodes, each in an FS mesh geometry ( Supplementary Figs 1 and 2) 13 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugged and breathable forms of stretchable electronics with adherent composite substrates for transcutaneous monitoring

et al. 2014

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugged and breathable forms of stretchable electronics with adherent composite substrates for transcutaneous monitoring

et al. 2014

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“…Similarly, specialized micro optic flow sensors have been used for altitude regulation in sub-1 g flying robots 70 . Miniature, curved, artificial compound eyes with a high density of photoreceptors, wide fields of view and computational properties similar to insect eyes have been recently described 71,72 , but have not yet been used in drones.…”

Section: Review Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science, technology and the future of small autonomous drones

Floreano

Wood

2015

Nature

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Drones, a popular nickname for unmanned aerial vehicles and micro aerial vehicles, often conjure up images of unmanned aeroplanes that fly thousands of miles for espionage and to deploy munitions. However, over the past few years, an increasing number of public and private research laboratories have been working on small, human-friendly drones that one day may autonomously fly in confined spaces and in close proximity to people. The development of these small drones, which is the main focus of this Review, has been supported by the miniaturization and cost reduction of electronic components (microprocessors, sensors, batteries and wireless communication units), largely driven by the portable electronic device industry. These improvements have enabled the prototyping and commercialization of small (typically less than 1 kg) drones at smartphone prices.Small drones will have important socio-economic impacts (Fig. 1). Images from drones that are capable of flying a few metres above the ground will fill a gap between expensive, weather-dependent and lowresolution images provided by satellites and car-based images limited to human-level perspectives and the availability of accessible roads. Specialized flying cameras and cloud-based data analytics will allow farmers to continuously monitor the quality of crop growth. Such platforms will enable construction companies to measure work progress in real time. Drones will let mining companies obtain precise volumetric data of excavations. Energy and infrastructure companies will be able to exhaustively survey pipelines, roads and cables. Humanitarian organizations could immediately assess and adapt aid efforts in continuously changing refugee camps. Transportation drones that are capable of safely taking off and landing in the proximity of buildings and humans will allow developing countries -without a suitable road network -to rapidly deliver goods and to finally unleash the full potential of their e-commerce telecommunication infrastructure. Transportation drones will also help developed countries to improve the quality of service in congested or remote areas, and will enable rescue organizations to quickly deliver medical supplies in the field and on demand. Inspection drones that are capable of flying in confined spaces will help fire-fighting and emergency units to assess dangers faster and more safely, logistic companies to detect cracks in the inner and outer shells of ships, road maintenance companies to measure signs of wear and tear in bridges and tunnels, security companies to improve building safety by monitoring areas outside the range of surveillance cameras, and disaster mitigation agencies to inspect partially collapsed buildings where ground clutter is an obstacle for terrestrial robots. Coordinated teams of autonomous drones will enable missions that last longer than the flight time of a single drone by allowing some drones to temporarily leave the team for battery replacement. Drone teams will permit rescue organizations to quickly deploy dedicated commu...

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“…[13,14] A key challenge in each of these systems is in the development of strategies in mechanics that simultaneously allow large levels of elastic stretchability and high areal coverages of active devices built with materials that are themselves not stretchable (e.g., conventional metals) and are, in some cases, highly brittle (e.g., inorganic semiconductors). For design approaches that embed stretchability in interconnect structures that join rigid device islands, the system level stretchability ε system is much smaller than the interconnect stretchability ε interconnect .…”

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In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

et al. 2016

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Stretchable electronics represents a relatively recent class of technology [1,2] of interest partly due to its potential for applications in sensory robotic skins, [3,4] conformal photovoltaic modules, [5,6] wearable communication devices, [7,8] skin-mounted monitors of physiological health, [9][10][11] advanced, soft surgical and clinical diagnostic tools, [11,12] and bioinspired digital cameras. [13,14] A key challenge in each of these systems is in the development of strategies in mechanics that simultaneously allow large levels of elastic stretchability and high areal coverages of active devices built with materials that are themselves not stretchable (e.g., conventional metals) and are, in some cases, highly brittle (e.g., inorganic semiconductors). For design approaches that embed stretchability in interconnect structures that join rigid device islands, the system level stretchability ε system is much smaller than the interconnect stretchability ε interconnect . Zhang et al. [15] identified the following relationship between the interconnect and system stretchability:, where f dev = (area of active device components)/(total area of the system) is the areal coverage ratio of active device components. Structure designs for stretchable interconnects have evolved from straight [13,16] to curvilinear interconnects, [17] from those bonded to or embedded in the supporting substrate [11,18] to free-standing designs housed in microfluidic enclosures, [19] and from simple structures [17] to fractal/self-similar designs. [15,[20][21][22] All such cases, including a broad variety of shapes, sizes, and geometric arrangements, share the same underlying mechanisms, i.e., out-of-plane buckling of thin structures (metals, insulators, or semiconductors with thickness typically between ≈100 nm and ≈1 µm) provides the basis for elastic stretchability. The most advanced interconnects achieve elastic (reversible)

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Digital cameras with designs inspired by the arthropod eye

Cited by 976 publications

References 22 publications

Rugged and breathable forms of stretchable electronics with adherent composite substrates for transcutaneous monitoring

Rugged and breathable forms of stretchable electronics with adherent composite substrates for transcutaneous monitoring

Science, technology and the future of small autonomous drones

In‐Plane Deformation Mechanics for Highly Stretchable Electronics

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