Diffusion-weighted imaging of the spine using radialk-space trajectories

Dietrich, Olaf; Herlihy, Amy H.; Dannels, W.; Fiebach, Jochen B.; Heiland, Sabine; Hajnal, Joseph V.; Sartor, Klaus

doi:10.1007/bf02678270

Cited by 24 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…DWI and ADC can also be used in the detection of prostate cancer (4), differentiation of solid and cystic hepatic masses (5,6), diagnosis of acute appendicitis (7) and differentiation of breast masses (8). In several studies, the DWI and ADC of normal and pathological vertebral bone marrow have been analysed (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vertebral Bone Marrow with Diffusion Weighted MRI and ADC Measurements

Turna¹,

Aybar²,

Tuzcu³

et al. 2014

Istanbul Med J

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The purpose was to determine the usefulness of diffusionweighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the evaluation of vertebral bone marrow. Methods: Patients were divided into; osteoporotic, traumatic, infectious spondylitis, hemangioma, malignancy and non-osteoporotic groups. Seventy-four patients (45 women and 29 men; mean age, 58 years; range 17-89) were investigated in this study. Conventional magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) sequences and SE-EPI sequence with b-value of 600 s/mm 2 were used. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation with DWI and ADC was carried out for each fractured vertebra and randomly chosen normal vertebrae. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean DWI and ADC values of normal vertebrae was found to be 142.5±100 and 0.48±0.1x10-3 mm 2 /s, respectively. A total of 103 fractures were encountered in 74 patients and L1 was the most commonly fractured vertebra (20 fractures, 19.4%). DWI and ADC qualitative assessment of fractures showed no significant difference between groups. The mean DWI and ADC values of fractured vertebrae was found to be 284.3±255.8 and 1.35±0.39x10-3 mm 2 /s, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of normal vertebrae (p<0.05). The mean DWI value of normal vertebrae (76.2±37.3) and fractured vertebrae (124.5±87.6) in osteoporotic patients were significantly lower than that of non-osteoporotic patients (172.4±105.6 and 359.6±274.3) (p<0.05). Conclusion: DWI and ADC quantitative evaluation can differentiate fractured vertebrae from normal vertebrae, but qualitative assessment of fractures cannot distinguish between groups. DWI with quantitative assessment is helpful in the differential diagnosis of osteoporotic fractures from malignant fractures and also osteoporotic normal vertebrae from non-osteoporotic normal vertebrae, but ADC values are unhelpful.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vertebral Bone Marrow with Diffusion Weighted MRI and ADC Measurements

Turna¹,

Aybar²,

Tuzcu³

et al. 2014

Istanbul Med J

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Methods and applications of diffusion imaging of vertebral bone marrow

Raya

Dietrich

Reiser

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an MRI technique that is sensitive to random water movements at spatial scales far below typical MRI voxel dimensions. DWI is a valuable tool for the diagnoses of diseases that involve alterations in water mobility. In the spine, DWI has proven to be a highly useful method for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant compression fractures. In these pathologies, the microscopic structure of bone marrow is altered in a very different ways, leading to different water mobility, which can be depicted by DWI. Most of the pulse sequences developed for MRI can be adapted for DWI. However, these DWI-adapted sequences are frequently affected by artifacts, mostly caused by physiological motion. Therefore, the introduction of additional correction techniques, or even the development of new sequences is necessary. The first part of this article describes the principles of DWI and the sequences used for DWI of the spine: spin echo (SE), turbo spin echo (TSE), single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI), and steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequences. In the second part, clinical applications of DWI of the spinal bone marrow are extensively discussed.

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Effects of cord motion on diffusion imaging of the spinal cord

Kharbanda

Alsop

Anderson

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Measurement of diffusion and its dependence on direction has become an important tool for clinical and research studies of the brain. Diffusion imaging of the spinal cord may likewise prove useful as an indicator of tissue damage and axonal integrity; however, it is more challenging to perform diffusion imaging in the cord than in the brain. Here we report a study of the effects of motion on single-shot fast spin echo (FSE) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the spinal cord. Diffusion imaging was performed at four different times in the cardiac cycle both without and with velocity compensation of the diffusion gradients. Uncompensated diffusion images demonstrated substantial signal loss artifacts in the cord that were strongly dependent on the delay after the pulse-oximeter trigger. Quantitative diffusion analysis was also strongly affected by this motion artifact. The use of flow-compensated gradients helped to restore normal signal in the cord, especially at particular trigger delays. Theoretical arguments suggest that improved spatial resolution may help eliminate this signal loss. Even with higher spatial resolution, motion-related signal attenuation may still occur in diffusion imaging of pathologies that alter the motion of the cord. However, this same cord motion may contain diagnostically valuable information when probed using appropriate diffusion imaging approaches. Magn Reson Med 56: 334 -339, 2006.

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Diffusion-weighted imaging of the spine using radialk-space trajectories

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Evaluation of Vertebral Bone Marrow with Diffusion Weighted MRI and ADC Measurements

Evaluation of Vertebral Bone Marrow with Diffusion Weighted MRI and ADC Measurements

Methods and applications of diffusion imaging of vertebral bone marrow

Effects of cord motion on diffusion imaging of the spinal cord

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