Differentiated thyroid cancer in children and adolescents

Farahati, Jamshid; Parlowsky, Thomas; Mäder, Uwe; Reiners, Christoph; Bucsky, Peter

doi:10.1007/s004230050124

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Thyroid cancer is even rarer below 10 years of age, with an estimated incidence of about 1 per million [1].Adolescents have a 10-fold greater incidence than younger children [1].The gender ratio is same for pre-pubertal boys and girls, while after puberty,girls are four to five times more likely to have thyroid cancer than boys [1,11]. Similar gender distribution was also found in the Indian studies [3,9,10].We found that the gender ratio was almost equal (1:1.5) in the pre-pubertal age group, whereas girls were three times more commonly involved in the post-pubertal age group [3].…”

Section: Epidemiology and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Thyroid Cancers: An Indian Perspective

Chaukar

Vaidya

2012

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Pediatric thyroid cancer is a rare entity accounting for less than 5% of all thyroid cancers. This intriguing disease is characterized by advanced presentation, coupled with frequent lymph nodal metastases and often pulmonary metastases. It perhaps exhibits a distinct biology and behaviour, because in spite of its aggressiveness, survival is extremely good. This mandates meticulous treatment decisions that are well executed, because the complications of therapy in patients with good survival may spell prolonged morbidity. Being an unusual disease, it is unlikely that level I evidence guiding the management will come forth. There have been controversies regarding management, and the current consensus comes from large prospective studies. There have been only a few studies from India detailing pediatric thyroid cancers. In the current discussion, we review the existing evidence about pediatric thyroid cancers, and try to have an Indian perspective at the problem.

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Section: Epidemiology and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Thyroid Cancers: An Indian Perspective

Chaukar

Vaidya

2012

Indian J Surg Oncol

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“…In children operated on for thyroid cancer, the prevalence of lymph node metastases is higher than in adults (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). In addition, the presence of large inflammatory lymph nodes in the neck, which is more common in children than in adults, makes the differential diagnosis more difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of Neck Ultrasonography in the Follow-Up of Children Operated on for Thyroid Papillary Cancer

Antonelli

Miccoli²,

Fallahi³

et al. 2003

Thyroid

102

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of neck ultrasonography compared to (131)I whole-body scan (WBS) and circulating thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement after thyroid hormone withdrawal in the follow-up of children with thyroid papillary cancer, who had previously undergone total thyroidectomy for the diagnosis of neck lymph node metastases (LNM). Forty-five children were examined. Neck ultrasonography and diagnostic WBS were conclusive about the presence or absence of LNM in 35 patients. Diagnostic WBS revealed the presence of LNM in 6 cases not detected by neck ultrasonography; neck ultrasonography was positive in 3 cases that were negative at diagnostic WBS but confirmed by post-(131)I therapy WBS. One patient with suspicious neck lymphnodes at neck ultrasonography not confirmed by WBS was considered as a false-positive result of neck ultrasonography. Neck ultrasonography and thyroglobulin (Tg) were conclusive about the presence or absence of LNM in 29 patients. Tg was elevated in 10 subjects with negative neck ultrasonography (7 had also lung and/or mediastinic LNM). Tg was undetectable in 5 patients in whom the presence of LNM was confirmed by neck ultrasonography and WBS. In conclusion, our study in children demonstrates that neck ultrasonography can detect LNM that are not suspected by palpation, diagnostic WBS, or serum Tg determination. Furthermore, neck ultrasonography can pinpoint the anatomic site of the LNM.

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“…The surgical therapy is a method of a choice as the first step in the treatment in malignant diseases [9,12,17,20]. We recommend the thyroid surgery in a case of the malignant disease in the extent of total thyroidectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thyroid (neck) ultrasound, completed with aspiration cytology is useful for the cytology diagnosis of the thyroid disease [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The examination by an otorhinolaryngologist is indicated in tumor diseases, in a hoarseness and before a scheduled thyroid surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%