Differential Staining of Bacteria: Acid Fast Stain

Reynolds, Jackie; Moyes, Rita B.; Breakwell, Donald P.

doi:10.1002/9780471729259.mca03hs15

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The present study reported S-I culture when exposed with different antibiotics on MRS agar, was shown to be resistant to ampicillin (10 mcg), chloramphenicol (25 mcg), streptomycin (10 mcg), sulphatried (300 mcg), tetracycline (25 mcg), and penicillin-G (1 unit) (Fig. 8) as per the interpretation of zones of inhibition for Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility test as reported in (Reynolds et al, 2009).…”

Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testsupporting

confidence: 69%

Probiotic characterization and cholesterol assimilation ability of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from the gut of the edible freshwater snail “Pila globosa”.

Kathade¹,

Aswani²,

Anand³

et al. 2020

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testsupporting

confidence: 69%

Probiotic characterization and cholesterol assimilation ability of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from the gut of the edible freshwater snail “Pila globosa”.

Kathade¹,

Aswani²,

Anand³

et al. 2020

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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“…Several acid-fast staining techniques are available, such as the older Ziehl-Neelsen stain and newer fluorescent stains with improved sensitivity (46). Of note, acid-fast staining occurs in both M tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria, as well as a number of other bacterial organisms, including Nocardia organisms (47). The sensitivity of the smear for AFB with three successive expectorated sputum specimens is 68%-72% in patients with culture-positive tuberculosis (48)(49)(50) and 62% in HIV-positive patients (48).…”

Section: Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Role of Radiology in Diagnosis and Management

Nachiappan¹,

Rahbar²,

Shi³

et al. 2017

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Tuberculosis is a public health problem worldwide, including in the United States-particularly among immunocompromised patients and other high-risk groups. Tuberculosis manifests in active and latent forms. Active disease can occur as primary tuberculosis, developing shortly after infection, or postprimary tuberculosis, developing after a long period of latent infection. Primary tuberculosis occurs most commonly in children and immunocompromised patients, who present with lymphadenopathy, pulmonary consolidation, and pleural effusion. Postprimary tuberculosis may manifest with cavities, consolidations, and centrilobular nodules. Miliary tuberculosis refers to hematogenously disseminated disease that is more commonly seen in immunocompromised patients, who present with miliary lung nodules and multiorgan involvement. The principal means of testing for active tuberculosis is sputum analysis, including smear, culture, and nucleic acid amplification testing. Imaging findings, particularly the presence of cavitation, can affect treatment decisions, such as the duration of therapy. Latent tuberculosis is an asymptomatic infection that can lead to postprimary tuberculosis in the future. Patients who are suspected of having latent tuberculosis may undergo targeted testing with a tuberculin skin test or interferon-γ release assay. Chest radiographs are used to stratify for risk and to assess for asymptomatic active disease. Sequelae of previous tuberculosis that is now inactive manifest characteristically as fibronodular opacities in the apical and upper lung zones. Stability of radiographic findings for 6 months distinguishes inactive from active disease. Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease can sometimes mimic the findings of active tuberculosis, and laboratory confirmation is required to make the distinction. Familiarity with the imaging, clinical, and laboratory features of tuberculosis is important for diagnosis and management. RSNA, 2017.

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“…Only mycobacteria have been reported resistant to crystal violet. Mycobacteria are classified acid fast Gram-positive, but typically do not retain the crystal violet stain (Reynolds et al., 2009). It is because mycobacteria can absorb crystal violet into lipid cell fractions which causes decolorization of crystal violet (Jones and Falkinham, 2003; Coban, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of crystal violet decolorization assay and resazurin microplate assay for antimycobacterial screening

Rakhmawatie

Wibawa

Lisdiyanti

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The main obstacle in antimycobacterial discovery is the extremely slow growth rates of pathogenic mycobacteria that lead to the long incubation times needed in antimycobacterial screening. Some in vitro testings has been developed and are currently available for antimycobacterial screening. The aim of the study was to compare Resazurin Microplate Assay (REMA) and Crystal Violet Decolorization Assay (CVDA) for testing mycobacteria susceptibility to isoniazid and rifampicin as well as for antimycobacterial screening of natural products (NP). Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv and Mycobacterium smegmatis strain mc2 155 were used as tested mycobacteria. Serial two-fold dilutions from 0.0625 to 1.0 μg/mL for the isoniazid and rifampicin and from 6.25 to 100.0 μg/mL for the NP A and B were prepared. Tested mycobacteria were then incubated with tested drugs or NPs in each growth medium at 37 °C for 7 days for M. tuberculosis and 3 days for M. smegmatis . MIC values against M. tuberculosis were interpreted 24–48 h after adding resazurin or at least 72 h after adding crystal violet, whereas MIC values against M. smegmatis were interpreted 1 h after adding resazurin or 24 h after adding crystal violet. The MIC values against M. tuberculosis interpreted by REMA were 0.0625, 0.0625, 6.25, and >100 μg/mL for rifampicin, isoniazid, NP A, and NP B, respectively, and those interpreted by CVDA were 0.0625, 0.0625, 6.25, and >100 μg/mL for rifampicin, isoniazid, NP A, and NP B, respectively. Moreover, the MIC values against M. smegmatis interpreted by REMA were 0.0625, >1, 6.25, and 100 μg/mL for rifampicin, isoniazid, NP A, and NP B, respectively, and those interpreted by CVDA were 0.125, >1, 6.25, and >100 μg/mL for rifampicin, isoniazid, NP A, NP B respectively. In conclusion, REMA is faster and easier than CVDA to interpret MIC values, however CVDA produces higher MIC values than REMA for rifampicin and NP B in M. smegmatis susceptibility testing. Therefore, REMA and CVDA can be used for antimycobacterial screening.

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Differential Staining of Bacteria: Acid Fast Stain

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Probiotic characterization and cholesterol assimilation ability of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from the gut of the edible freshwater snail “Pila globosa”.

Probiotic characterization and cholesterol assimilation ability of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from the gut of the edible freshwater snail “Pila globosa”.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Role of Radiology in Diagnosis and Management

Evaluation of crystal violet decolorization assay and resazurin microplate assay for antimycobacterial screening

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