Differential diagnosis of denture‐induced stomatitis, Candida, and their variations in patients using complete denture: a clinical and mycological study

Abstract

Denture-induced stomatitis usually occurs in persons who wear a complete or a partial denture. Among the many aetiological and predisposing factors, Candida spp. are believed to play an important role in the initiation and progression of the infection. Seventy cases who attended the clinics of the Dental Faculty, University of Atatürk, Turkey were investigated from the viewpoint of denture-induced stomatitis. After questioning the patients for their personal information, they were examined clinically and smears were obtained from lesions of the palatal mucosa and the contiguous denture surface by calcium aliginate swabs, and inoculated onto Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with 1% chloramphenicol, and CHROMagar Candida. Individual yeast species were identified by a germ tube test, development of blastospores, chlamydospores and pseudohyphae and assimilation tests employing the commercial kit API 20C AUX system. According to the results obtained, 70% of the cases had denture-induced stomatitis, and in 68% of them mycological culture results were positive. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated fungus (68.75%). On the other hand, fungal growth was much more pronounced in the cultures made from the inner surface of the dentures. In conclusion, this study showed that candidal infections are not the predisposing factor in the occurrence of denture-induced stomatitis, but they play a major role, as also some other factors, especially those related with dentures.

Relationship among local and functional factors in the development of denture stomatitis in denture wearers in northern Brazil

“…We observed that the prevalence of DS was 36/99 (36.4%), which is similar to the results reported by Arnaud et al 14 , who examined 174 patients wearing acrylic-based dentures, 35% of whom had DS. However, our results are inconsistent with the findings reported by Dağistan et al 6 , who examined 70 patients and found that 70% had DS.…”

“…Other factors also contribute to the onset of disease, such as a change in the resin polymerization (although the criteria for the liquid-to-powder proportions recommended by the manufacturer and polymerization cycles are followed); these areas are sites of disease onset because of the pores that remain within the resin due to compression and roughness of the surface, which favors the adherence and colonization of microorganisms 4,5 . Dağistan et al 6 described DS as an inflammatory process that primarily involves the palatal mucosa (PM) when it is fully or partially covered by dentures, affecting 60-100% of acrylic denture users. Barbeau et al 7 noted that the etiology of DS is multifactorial and includes advanced age, decline in the defense mechanisms of the immune system, systemic diseases, smoking, the use of dentures while sleeping, poor oral hygiene resulting in the accumulation of plaque on the denture, poorly fitting dentures, and functional factors related to the occlusion.…”

Inactivation of genes TEC1 and EFG1 in Candida albicans influences extracellular matrix composition and biofilm morphology

“…OPC is an indicator of the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and depending on the stage of the infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), about 90% of the patients have OPC [3,4]. Candida albicans is the most prevalent species related to this infection [5][6][7][8].…”

Occurrence of Candida Species Colonization in a Population of Denture-Wearing Immigrants

“…Denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is an inflammatory process of the mucosa underlying a removable partial or total dental prosthesis or appliance (6). DRS has been reported in more than 60% of denture wearers, and although it is typically asymptomatic, it occasionally associates with leukoplakia, pseudomembrane formation, erythema and angular cheilitis (4,6,7).…”