Different Types and Functional Effects of Probiotics on Human Health through Regulating Glucose Homeostasis

Abstract

With the increasing improvement of people's living standards, hyperglycemia has become one of the most frequent diseases in the world. The current drug therapy may have some negative effects and even cause some complications. As one of the most popular functional ingredients, probiotic bacteria have been proven to play important roles in balancing the glucose homeostasis level in animal and human clinic trials. In this perspective, we sorted three types of probiotics, discussed probiotic safety evaluation, and listed the known probiotic functional foods that assist to control glucose homeostasis. Then, the further summarization of the mechanisms on how probiotic bacteria could regulate glucose homeostasis and the developing trend of probiotic functional foods were discussed.

Health Effects of Whole Grains: A Bibliometric Analysis

“…This is due to their different impacts on the gut microbiome, so more comprehensive analyses of the health effects of more different types of whole grains processed in more different ways are needed to further guide the food industry to consider more urgently the development of processing strategies that address the microbiome and the public health crisis caused by poor diets. In addition, probiotics have been shown to be effective in regulating blood glucose homeostasis [ 45 ], improving the symptoms of colon cancer and intestinal damage [ 46 ], and promotes the longevity of C. elegans [ 47 ]. For target probiotics, there is great potential to develop foods with beneficial components of whole grains as prebiotics.…”

Dietary fiber and polyphenols from whole grains: effects on the gut and health improvements

“…18,19 During the decomposition of a complex diet, a large number of microbial metabolites in the intestinal environment are involved in metabolic regulation as signals, and further affect human health. 20–22…”

Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes Using Four Strains of Lactobacillus Probiotics: Effects on Gut Microbiota Reconstitution-Mediated Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Mice

“…6 The gut microbiota has been proven to play an important role in the pathogenesis of T2D, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. 7 The gut microbiota of diabetics showed a reduction in some common butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in diverse opportunistic pathogens compared to healthy individuals. 8 Dietary intake rich in fats and fructose can disrupt the gut microbiota, increasing barrier permeability, impairing mucosal barrier function, and triggering chronic inflammation.…”

“…The human gastrointestinal tract consists of more than 500 species of symbiotic bacteria, 90% of which are part of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which mutually exist in a state of equilibrium for the health of humans . The gut microbiota has been proven to play an important role in the pathogenesis of T2D, obesity, and other metabolic disorders . The gut microbiota of diabetics showed a reduction in some common butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in diverse opportunistic pathogens compared to healthy individuals .…”