Differences in the skeletal muscle transcriptome profile associated with extreme values of fatty acids content

Abstract

BackgroundLipids are a class of molecules that play an important role in cellular structure and metabolism in all cell types. In the last few decades, it has been reported that long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are involved in several biological functions from transcriptional regulation to physiological processes. Several fatty acids have been both positively and negatively implicated in different biological processes in skeletal muscle and other tissues. To gain insight into biological processes associated with fatty acid content in skeletal muscle, the aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional pathways related to gene expression regulation associated with FA content in cattle.ResultsSkeletal muscle transcriptome analysis of 164 Nellore steers revealed no differentially expressed genes (DEGs, FDR 10%) for samples with extreme values for linoleic acid (LA) or stearic acid (SA), and only a few DEGs for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 5 DEGs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 4 DEGs) and palmitic acid (PA, 123 DEGs), while large numbers of DEGs were associated with oleic acid (OA, 1134 DEGs) and conjugated linoleic acid cis9 trans11 (CLA-c9t11, 872 DEGs). Functional annotation and functional enrichment from OA DEGs identified important genes, canonical pathways and upstream regulators such as SCD, PLIN5, UCP3, CPT1, CPT1B, oxidative phosphorylation mitochondrial dysfunction, PPARGC1A, and FOXO1. Two important genes associated with lipid metabolism, gene expression and cancer were identified as DEGs between animals with high and low CLA-c9t11, specifically, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and RNPS.ConclusionOnly two out of seven classes of molecules of FA studied were associated with large changes in the expression profile of skeletal muscle. OA and CLA-c9t11 content had significant effects on the expression level of genes related to important biological processes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, and cell growth, survival, and migration. These results contribute to our understanding of how some FAs modulate metabolism and may have protective health function.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3306-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Dynamic accumulation of fatty acids in duck (Anas platyrhynchos) breast muscle and its correlations with gene expression

“…PPARGC1A is a transcriptional coactivator that may regulate genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and lower expression level of PPARGC1A in muscle has been reported in pigs with high content of oleic acid [21]. In the present study, PPARGC1A was expressed at higher levels in mallards than in Pekin ducks at 8 weeks, indicating that PPARGC1A may play a role in promoting fatty acid oxidation of duck breast muscle (Fig.…”

“…The accumulation of fatty acids in muscle is a dynamic process that is regulated by multiple biological processes, including lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake and fatty acid βoxidation [17][18][19][20]. Large efforts have been made to identify the genes and gene networks associated with fatty acid composition traits in pigs and cattle [21][22][23]. In addition, several works have aimed to understand the lipid deposition in breast muscle of poultry using approaches such as transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analysis.…”

Fat Deposition, Fatty Acid Composition, and Its Relationship with Meat Quality and Human Health

“…Accordingly, higher levels of concentrate feed in the finishing period of the animals confined result in a higher concentration of oleic acid and MUFA in the intramuscular fat [31]. Although the adipogenic mechanism is extremely complex, several genes were identified and confirmed as being responsible for fatty acid composition in beef [20,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

“…Various fatty acids were identified positively and negatively in different biological processes in the skeletal muscle and other tissues. Knowing the biological processes associated with fatty acid content in the skeletal muscle and identifying differentially expressed genes (DEG) and functional pathways related to the regulation of gene expression associated with the fatty acid profile contribute to the understanding of how some FAs modulate metabolism and may have a protective function for health [36] as well as its potential for use in animal selection.…”

Diferentes taxas de crescimento após período de restrição alimentar alteram atributos de qualidade da carne e o transcriptoma de vacas

“…Entendendo o fato que o músculo esquelético pode ser afetado pelo crescimento, pela mudança na taxa de síntese de DNA e RNA (BEERMANN, 2004), o que consequentemente proporciona uma acreção proteica e renovação de proteínas miofibrilares (KOOHMARAIE et al, 2002), elucidar mecanismos genéticos, relações entre genes e suas funções torna-se importante para compreensão do desenvolvimento dos animais, bem como processos biológicos e vias metabólicas que determinam fenótipos de qualidade da carne. Alguns trabalhos têm usado essa técnica com êxito em pesquisas envolvendo bovinos de corte, tanto para características como desenvolvimento muscular, gordura intramuscular e perfil de ácidos graxos (BALDWIN VI et al 2012;CESAR et al, 2016;DINIZ et al, 2016;SILVA-VIGNATO et al, 2017). Essa técnica também tem sido usada no estudo do músculo de animais em ganho compensatório de animais jovens (COSTA et al 2017;KEOGH et al 2016a), mostrando mudanças importantes na expressão de genes envolvidos em rotas de renovação de tecido conjuntivo, hipertrofia do tecido muscular e diferenciação de tipo de fibras.…”