Differences in the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Liu, Chengdi; Du, Lisheng; Wang, Shoubao; Kong, Ling-Lei; Zhang, Sen; Li, Sha; Wen, Zheng; Du, Guanhua

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105737

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…On the other hand, hypertension induces autophagy due to the pressure on the vascular wall to maintain intracellular stability, and the reduction in autophagy causes angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ)-induced senescence and damage to EPCs (Bianconi et al, 2018). EPCs-Exo-lncRNA-p21 can activate the sestrin 2 (SESN2)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) pathway and enhance autophagy to prevent AngII-induced EPCs injury by promoting the transcriptional activity of p53 (Li C. et al, 2021). Meanwhile, stimulation of EPCs using niacinamide phosphoribosyltransferase upregulates the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT1 antisense long non-coding RNA (SIRT1 AS lncRNA).…”

Section: Cvpcs-exo-lncrnas and Epcs As Theranostic Strategies For Cvdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which mainly involve the heart and blood vessels ( Schmidt, 2019 ), are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide ( Luo et al, 2018 ; South et al, 2019 ). Cases of CVDs increased from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019, whereas related deaths increased from 12.1 million to 18.6 million ( Liu et al, 2021 ). Currently, surgery and drug are the standard methods for treating CVDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in lncRNAs from stem cell-derived exosome for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Lei

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally. Benefiting from the advantages of early diagnosis and precision medicine, stem cell-based therapies have emerged as promising treatment options for CVDs. However, autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation imposes a potential risk of immunological rejection, infusion toxicity, and oncogenesis. Fortunately, exosome can override these limitations. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in exosome from stem cell paracrine factors play critical roles in stem cell therapy and participate in numerous regulatory processes, including transcriptional silencing, transcriptional activation, chromosome modification, and intranuclear transport. Accordingly, lncRNAs can treat CVDs by directly acting on specific signaling pathways. This mini review systematically summarizes the key regulatory actions of lncRNAs from different stem cells on myocardial aging and apoptosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, retinopathy, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. In addition, the current challenges and future prospects of lncRNAs treatment for CVDs are discussed.

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Section: Cvpcs-exo-lncrnas and Epcs As Theranostic Strategies For Cvdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in lncRNAs from stem cell-derived exosome for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Lei

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Due to the multiplicity of the mechanisms of action for ASA ( Figure 4 , Table 2 ), pleiotropic applications of ASA are widely accepted [ 5 ]. ASA was originally used as an analgesic [ 99 ] and anti-inflammatory medication [ 100 ]. Since inflammation is associated with the development and progression of many diseases, many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that regular intake of ASA significantly reduces the incidence of other diseases.…”

Section: The Potential Repurposing Of Asamentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetylsalicylic Acid–Primus Inter Pares in Pharmacology

et al. 2022

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Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the first drugs to be obtained by synthesis while being the most used. It has experienced the longest lasting commercial success and is considered the most popular drug of the modern era. ASA, originally used as an anti-inflammatory medication, nowadays is predominantly used as an antiplatelet agent for prophylaxis in cardiac patients. Many studies show that the benefits of using ASA far outweigh the potential risk of side effects. With particular emphasis on the possibility of ASA repositioning for new therapies, extending the indications for use beyond the diseases from the spectrum of atherosclerotic diseases, such as cancer, requires shifting the benefit–risk ratio, although very good, even more towards safety. Interesting activities consisting not only of changing the formulation but also modifying the drug molecule seem to be an important goal of the 21st century. ASA has become a milestone in two important fields: pharmacy and medicine. For a pharmacist, ASA is a long-used drug for which individual indications are practically maintained. For a doctor, acetylsalicylic acid is primarily an antiplatelet drug that saves millions of lives of patients with coronary heart disease or after a stroke. These facts do not exempt us from improving therapeutic methods based on ASA, the main goal of which is to reduce the risk of side effects, as well as to extend effectiveness. Modified acetylsalicylic acid molecules already seem to be a promising therapeutic option.

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“…Hyperlipidemia is a leading risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, of which myocardial infarction and cerebral thrombosis are the leading causes of death and disability. Thus, the wide spread of hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis (fatty liver) has become a serious concern in public health [ 1 ]. Reducing cholesterol in the early phases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases has been shown to be effective in preventing disease development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus gasseri RW2014 Ameliorates Hyperlipidemia by Modulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats

Xiao

Huang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Hyperlipidemia is a leading risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Dietary supplementation with probiotics has been suggested as an alternative intervention to lower cholesterol. In the current study, we isolated a strain of Lactobacillus gasseri RW2014 (LGA) from the feces of a healthy infant fed with breast milk, and it displayed bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Using this strain we determined its cholesterol-lowering and fatty liver-improving functions. SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. The control rats were fed a commercial chow diet and the other three groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for a 7-week experiment period. After two weeks of feeding, the rats in PBS, simvastin, and LGA group were daily administered through oral gavage with 2 mL PBS, simvastin (1 mg/mL), and 2 × 109 CFU/mouse live LGA in PBS, respectively. After five weeks of such treatment, the rats were euthanized and tissue samples were collected. Blood lipid and inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA, gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing, and bile acids profiles were detected by metabolomics. We found that LGA group had lower levels of blood cholesterol and liver steatosis compared to the simvastin group. LGA also significantly reducedthe levels of inflammatory factors in the serum, including TNFα, IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-6, and exotoxin (ET), and increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids in feces, including isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, and hexanoic acid. In addition, LGA altered the compositions of gut microbiota as manifested by the increased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and the relative abundance of Blautia genus. Targeted metabolomics results showed that bile acids, especially free bile acids and secondary bile acids in feces, were increased in LGA rats compared with the control rats. Accordingly, the rats administrated with LGA also had a higher abundance of serum bile acids, including 23-norcholic acid, 7-ketolithocholic acid, β-muricholic acid, cholic acid, and deoxycholic acid. Together, this study suggests that LGA may exert a cholesterol-lowering effect by modulating the metabolism of bile acids and the composition of gut microbiota.

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Differences in the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Cited by 27 publications

References 102 publications

Advances in lncRNAs from stem cell-derived exosome for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Advances in lncRNAs from stem cell-derived exosome for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Acetylsalicylic Acid–Primus Inter Pares in Pharmacology

Lactobacillus gasseri RW2014 Ameliorates Hyperlipidemia by Modulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats

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