Differences in the biological carbon pump at three subtropical ocean sites

Neuer, Susanne; Davenport, Robert; Freudenthal, Tim; Wefer, Gerold; Llinás, O.; Rueda, M. J.; Steinberg, Deborah K.; Karl, David M.

doi:10.1029/2002gl015393

Cited by 70 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The contrast is attributed to the fact that the nutrient-rich surface waters in high latitudes usually are high in biological production and tend to reinforce the biological effect on regulating the fCO 2 in the mixed-layer. It should be noted that both temperature (97 vs. 59 µatm) and biological (62 vs. 23 µatm) effects on the fCO 2 in the mixed-layer at the SEATS site are greater than those at HOT, despite the fact that both sites are situated at similar latitudes in the oligotrophic oceanic regime and have a similar seasonal change in mixed-layer depth (Neuer et al 2002). The discrepancy thus can be attributed to the shallower thermocline, nutricline and TCO 2 -cline at SEATS than those at HOT (Fig.…”

Section: Assessing the Relative Importance Of The Biological And Tempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variability of Carbon Chemistry at the SEATS Site, Northern South China Sea Between 2002 and 2003

Chou¹,

Sheu²,

Chen³

et al. 2005

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Section: Assessing the Relative Importance Of The Biological And Tempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variability of Carbon Chemistry at the SEATS Site, Northern South China Sea Between 2002 and 2003

Chou¹,

Sheu²,

Chen³

et al. 2005

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…5d), through horizontal advection. The role of the horizontal transport in the seasonality of the synthesis and remineralization of organic matter has been previously reported in the Canary region, which is under the influence of the coastal African upwelling (Neuer et al, 2002b;Arístegui et al, 2003;Pelegrí et al, 2005;Alonso-González et al, 2009). Upwelling filaments and Ekman transport export particulate and dissolved organic matter from the coastal upwelling to the open ocean.…”

Section: Distribution Of Biological Sources and Sinksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although both stations are characterized by similar phytoplankton biomass and primary production rates, annual mean carbon export measured by using sediment traps at 150, 200 and 300 m is significantly lower at ESTOC, by a factor of 3-5, than at BATS (Neuer et al, 2002a;Helmke et al, 2010). Assuming that the euphotic zone is in steady state, higher export production should be sustained by larger inputs of nutrients and/or organic matter into the euphotic zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies indicate that this process supplies a significative contribution to total new nitrogen inputs in oligotrophic waters (Capone et al, 2005;Mouriño-Carballido et al, 2011;Bonnet et al, 2011). Biogeochemical estimates suggest a lower contribution of nitrogen fixation at ESTOC compared with BATS (Neuer et al, 2002a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, subtropical gyres have been considered relatively constant ecosystems in time and space. However, the comparative study of time-series data revealed that spatial heterogeneity is important in understanding the biogeochemistry of this biome (Neuer et al, 2002a;Mouriño-Carballido and Neuer, 2008). Two time-series stations, BATS (Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study, 31.7 • N-64.2 • W) and ESTOC (European Station for Time series in the Ocean, Canary Islands,29.16 • N-15.5 • W), are located at about the same latitude in the western (NASW) and eastern (NASE) portions of NASG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional differences in modelled net production and shallow remineralization in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre

et al. 2012

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Abstract. We used 5-yr concomitant data of tracer distribution from the BATS (Bermuda Time-series Study) and ES-TOC (European Station for Time-Series in the Ocean, Canary Islands) sites to build a 1-D tracer model conservation including horizontal advection, and then compute net production and shallow remineralization rates for both sites. Our main goal was to verify if differences in these rates are consistent with the lower export rates of particulate organic carbon observed at ESTOC. Net production rates computed below the mixed layer to 110 m from April to December for oxygen, dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrate at BATS (1.34 ± 0.79 mol O 2 m −2 , −1.73 ± 0.52 mol C m −2 and −125±36 mmol N m −2 ) were slightly higher for oxygen and carbon compared to ESTOC (1.03 ± 0.62 mol O 2 m −2 , −1.42 ± 0.30 mol C m −2 and −213 ± 56 mmol N m −2 ), although the differences were not statistically significant. Shallow remineralization rates between 110 and 250 m computed at ESTOC (−3.9 ± 1.0 mol O 2 m −2 , 1.53 ± 0.43 mol C m −2 and 38 ± 155 mmol N m −2 ) were statistically higher for oxygen compared to BATS (−1.81 ± 0.37 mol O 2 m −2 , 1.52 ± 0.30 mol C m −2 and 147 ± 43 mmol N m −2 ). The lateral advective flux divergence of tracers, which was more significant at ESTOC, was responsible for the differences in estimated oxygen remineralization rates between both stations. According to these results, the differences in net production and shallow remineralization cannot fully explain the differences in the flux of sinking organic matter observed between both stations, suggesting an additional consumption of nonsinking organic matter at ESTOC.

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Physical controls of variability in North Atlantic phytoplankton communities

2014

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The structure of marine phytoplankton communities in the North Atlantic Ocean varies considerably on seasonal, interannual, and longer timescales in response to environmental change. However, the causes of ecological variability on interannual and longer timescales remain uncertain. Here, using a half-century of observations, we compare changes in atmospheric forcing (surface wind speed and heat fluxes) and ocean surface properties (sea surface temperature, mixed layer depth, thermal stratification, and turbulent kinetic energy) with variability in total phytoplankton biomass and the abundances of diatoms and dinoflagellates, as measured by the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey. On seasonal timescales, there is a clear connection between observed changes in the physical environment and the phytoplankton assemblages. Strong turbulence, deep mixed layers, and weak stratification decrease diatom abundance in the subpolar gyre, but increase diatoms in the subtropical gyre, a pattern broadly consistent with growth limitation of phytoplankton in high and low latitudes by light and nutrients, respectively. In contrast, dinoflagellates prosper in stratified, weakly turbulent conditions in sampled portions of the subpolar and subtropical gyres. On interannual to multidecadal timescales, however, the links between observed ecological and physical changes are much weaker. The physical mechanisms that differentiate the fates of diatoms and dinoflagellates on seasonal timescales do not appear to control their longer-term variability, perhaps because year-to-year variability in the phytoplankton assemblages is greater than in the physical drivers. This suggests that other biological (e.g., zooplankton grazing, chaos in the plankton) or physical mechanisms (e.g., changes in ocean circulation) may play important regulatory roles.

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Differences in the biological carbon pump at three subtropical ocean sites

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Seasonal Variability of Carbon Chemistry at the SEATS Site, Northern South China Sea Between 2002 and 2003

Seasonal Variability of Carbon Chemistry at the SEATS Site, Northern South China Sea Between 2002 and 2003

Regional differences in modelled net production and shallow remineralization in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre

Physical controls of variability in North Atlantic phytoplankton communities

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