[1] We report primary production of organic matter and organic carbon removal from three subtropical open ocean time-series stations, two located in the Atlantic and one in the Pacific, to quantify the biological components of the oceanic carbon pump. We find that within subtropical gyres, export production varies considerably despite similar phytoplankton biomass and productivity. We provide evidence that the removal of organic carbon is linked to differences in nutrient input into the mixed layer, both from eddy induced mixing and dinitrogen fixation. These findings contribute to our knowledge of the spatial heterogeneity of the subtropical oceans, which make up more than 50% of all ocean area and are thought to spread in the course of CO 2 -induced global warming.
[1] Enhancement of primary and export production following dust deposition pulses is well established for High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll regions, but the effect of atmospheric dust on the biogeochemistry of oligotrophic gyre regions remains unclear.Here we report atmospheric dust concentrations measured on Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, concomitantly with upper water biogeochemistry at the oligotrophic time series station ESTOC (European Station for Time series in the Ocean, Canary Islands) during a 2-year period from winter 1997 to 1999. ESTOC is located in the eastern subtropical Atlantic gyre about 100 km north of Gran Canaria and 500 km west of the Sahara, and receives aeolian dust episodically mainly in winter and summer. We found a close correlation of the magnitude of atmospheric dust concentration in winter with the magnitude of downward particle flux at ESTOC, mainly due to a relative increase in lithogenic matter and carbonate sedimentation. Higher aerosol concentration was not accompanied by higher primary or export production, however, indicating that phytoplankton production remained unaffected by atmospheric nitrogen supply on a seasonal or yearly timescale. However, by estimating bioavailable iron input and the need of the phytoplankton population, we found that the highly episodic dust pulses might exert a feast and famine effect on the phytoplankton. Despite the high lithogenic matter input, carbonate, mainly stemming from coccolithophorids, exceeded in importance the role of lithogenic matter as ballasting agent of sinking organic matter.
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