Dietary intake of tin in Japan, and the effects on intake of canned food and beverage consumption

Abstract

The study reported herein was initiated to examine dietary tin intake (Sn-D) in Japan to elucidate the possible effects of consumption of canned food (including beverages) on Sn-D, and to compare the intake among regions and between the two sexes in reference to the current provisional tolerable weekly intake and intake in other countries. Urinary tin levels (Sn-U) were also studied. Duplicate diet samples (24 h) together with records of food intake were collected in 1999-2004 from 111 adult residents in four areas of Japan. After exclusion of incomplete samples, 95 valid samples were subjected to determination of tin by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after acid digestion. Among the 95 cases, 37 women additionally provided urine samples. Distribution of Sn-D was markedly skewed. Median Sn-D was 5.6 microg day(-1) for total subjects, which was about one-tenth of the values previously reported for the Japanese population; the difference was most probably attributable to the difference in the methods of determination. Consumption of canned foods led to a substantial increase in Sn-D. Thus, the median Sn-D for canned food consumers of 35.7 microg day(-1), was eight-fold higher than the median Sn-D for non-consumers of 4.5 microg day(-1). Sn-U (as corrected for creatinine concentration) distributed log-normally with a geometric mean of 2.0 microg (g cr)(-1). No effect of canned food consumption was evident on Sn-U. When compared internationally, Sn-D for the Japanese population was substantially lower than Sn-D for populations in other industrialized countries.

Food intake survey of kindergarten children in Korea: Part 2 increased dietary intake of tin possibly associated with canned foods

“…The quality of the analysis in the former laboratory was approved by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17025. The excellent performance in the latter laboratory was previously reported [2,3]. Thus, the analysis results from two laboratories were considered to be compatible to each other.…”

“…No reports are available in East-Asia except for Shimbo et al [2,3]. In both studies on Japanese adult population [2] and on Japanese preschool children [3], the food duplicate collection method [12] was employed, followed by the ICP-MS analysis.…”

“…Sn concentrations in the liquid samples were measured by the ICP-MS method essentially as previously described [2,3]. The samples from KG 1 in Seoul were in the analytical laboratory in Shimadzu Techno-research, Inc., Kyoto, Japan, whereas the samples from KGs 2, 3 and 4 in Jeju Island were analyzed in Kyoto Women's University [3].…”

“…Preparation of the wet-ashed samples was as previously described [2,3]. Sn concentrations in the liquid samples were measured by the ICP-MS method essentially as previously described [2,3].…”

“…Such possibilities have not been examined in Asia except for Shimbo et al [2,3] in Japan. The present study was initiated to examine if such is also the case in Korea, and if so, to what extent.…”