Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents

Correa‐Rodríguez, María; González‐Jiménez, Emilio; Rueda‐Medina, Blanca; Tovar-Galvez, María I.; Ramírez‐Vélez, Robinson; Correa-Bautista, Jorge Enrique; Schmidt-RíoValle, Jacqueline

doi:10.1002/nur.21904

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Experimental and epidemiologic studies have documented the role of diet in the regulation of chronic inflammation [27]. Our results are similar to those of Bawaked et al [28] and Correa-Rodriguez et al [29], who documented that in Spanish children and adolescents, those who classified in the higher DII quintiles or quartiles had higher total fat, MUFA and saturated fat intake, but a lower total protein, fiber, vitamin and mineral intake. However, our results differed for energy, carbohydrate and PUFA intakes, i.e., we did not identify significant differences across tertiles of C-DII.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children

et al. 2020

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There is limited evidence about the inflammatory potential of diet in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) from 5 to 11 years with adiposity and inflammatory biomarkers in Mexican children. We analyzed 726 children from a birth cohort study with complete dietary information and measurements to evaluate adiposity at 5, 7 and 11 y and 286 children with IL-6, hsCRP, leptin and adiponectin information at 11 y. C-DII trajectories were estimated using latent class linear mixed models. We used linear mixed models for adiposity and logistic and multinomial regression for biomarkers. In girls, each one-point increase in C-DII score was associated with greater adiposity (abdominal-circumference 0.41%, p = 0.03; skinfold-sum 1.76%, p = 0.01; and BMI Z-score 0.05, p = 0.01). At 11 y the C-DII was associated with greater leptin (34% ≥ 13.0 ng/mL, p = 0.03) and hsCRP concentrations (29% ≥ 3.00 mg/L, p = 0.06) and lower adiponectin/leptin ratio (75% < 2.45, p = 0.02). C-DII trajectory 3 in boys was associated with a 75.2% (p < 0.01) increase in leptin concentrations and a 37.9% decrease (p = 0.02) in the adiponectin/leptin ratio. This study suggests that the inflammatory potential of diet may influence adiposity in girls and the homeostasis of adipose tissue and chronic subclinical inflammation in 11-year-old children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding BMI, obese and overweight male adolescents had a higher E-DII. Corréa-Rodriguez et al (33) , in a cross-sectional study, verified an association of the DII with cardiovascular risk factors in 428 students between 9 and 17 years old in two cities in Spain. The authors observed a positive relationship between pro-inflammatory diets and a diagnosis of overweight and obesity in these individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Factors associated with the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population’s diet

et al. 2020

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Objectives: To assess the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population’s diet and its association with demographic, socioeconomic, and anthropometric characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed with 34,003 individuals aged 10 and older, evaluated by the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (INA) from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF 2008-2009). The Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) was determined using 34 dietary parameters calculated through non-consecutive 2-day dietary records. Positive scores indicate a pro-inflammatory diet, while negative scores indicate an anti-inflammatory diet. A bivariate and multivariate linear regression analysis based on a hierarchical theoretical model was performed to verify the factors associated with the E-DII. Results: The mean of the E-DII was 1.04, with a range of -4.77 to +5.98. The highest values of the pro-inflammatory E-DII were found among adolescents (1.42; p-value<0.001) and individuals with higher income (1.10; p-value<0.001) and level of education (1.18; p-value<0.001). In the final model, the E-DII was associated with higher income quartiles, was higher in the Northeast and South regions, in white people, individuals with ≥9 years of education and adults and adolescents age group. Conclusion: The Brazilian population consumes a diet with high inflammatory potential, especially adolescents, white people and those with higher income and level of education. Thus, the index presented uneven distribution among the population, emphasizing groups with higher dietary inflammatory potential. The socioeconomic risk profile of a diet with higher inflammatory potential in medium-income countries is different from what is observed in high-income nations.

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“…Derived and standardized much like the original DII, the C-DII has been validated in predicting CRP levels in children based on dietary intake, and in predicting obesity independent of age, sex, calorie intake, or Tanner stage. 24,25 The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary inflammatory potential and several metabolic markers including blood pressure (BP), lipid profile and kidney parameters. It was hypothesized that higher C-DII would be associated with higher cardiometabolic risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary inflammation and cardiometabolic health in adolescents

et al. 2020

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SummaryBackgroundThe Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C‐DII) has been validated to characterize the inflammatory potential of an individual child's diet.ObjectiveTo determine the association between C‐DII and markers of cardiometabolic risk (adiposity, blood pressure [BP], lipids, albuminuria, glomerular hyperfiltration) in adolescents.MethodsParticipants aged 12‐18 enrolled in NHANES from 2005 to 2014 who completed a 24‐hour dietary recall were included in this cross‐sectional study. Regression models adjusted for age, sex, race and height examined associations of C‐DII quartiles stratified by weight status.ResultsAmong adolescents (mean age 15 years), the average C‐DII score was 0.86 (SE 0.04). When comparing C‐DII quartile 4 (most pro‐inflammatory) to quartile 1 (most anti‐inflammatory), there was a positive association with albuminuria (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.02, 2.03). After stratifying by weight status, C‐DII quartile was found to be significantly associated with albuminuria (OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.83, 9.92) and dyslipidemia (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.15, 3.03) in adolescents who were overweight. Among adolescents with obesity, C‐DII quartile was associated with higher SBP (β = 5.07, 95% CI 2.55‐7.59) and lower DBP (β = −4.14, 95% CI −6.74, −1.54).ConclusionConsuming a pro‐inflammatory diet in adolescence was associated with alterations in albuminuria, lipid and BP measures.

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Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk factors in Spanish children and adolescents

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children

Factors associated with the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population’s diet

Dietary inflammation and cardiometabolic health in adolescents

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