Dietary fiber and cancer: A supplement for intervention studies

Bright‐See, Elizabeth; McKeown‐Eyssen, Gail; Jacobson, E. A.; Newmark, H W; Mathews, Robert A.; Morson, L; Jazmaji, V; Bruce, W. R.

doi:10.1080/01635588509513857

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Inappropriate study design: 5 nonrandomized comparative studies [ 50 , 53 , 55 , 58 , 64 ], 3 cohort studies [ 54 , 59 , 67 ], 3 case-control studies [ 51 , 52 , 56 ], 2 cross-sectional studies [ 62 , 65 ], 1 before-and-after study [ 63 ], 1 crossover study [ 49 ], and 1 mixed method study [ 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review

Muhamad¹,

Maamor²,

Mustapha³

et al. 2023

Interact J Med Res

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Background Hematological malignancies disturb the blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. Taking medications for treating opportunistic infections (OIs) in these individuals may enhance the risk of medication interaction as well as adverse drug reactions. Objective This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nondrug interventions in reducing OIs among patients with hematological cancers. Methods The PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Embase databases were searched on December 26, 2022, for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary endpoint was OIs. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool. Results A total of 6 studies were included in this review with 4 interventions: (1) types of mouthwash received, (2) presence of coating on central venous catheters (CVCs), (3) use of well-fitted masks, and (4) types of diet consumed. The results were presented in 8 different comparisons: (1) chlorhexidine-nystatin versus saline mouth rinse, (2) chlorhexidine versus saline mouth rinse, (3) nystatin versus saline mouth rinse, (4) chlorhexidine silver sulfadiazine–coated CVCs versus uncoated catheters, (5) well-fitted masks versus no mask, (6) amine fluoride-stannous fluoride versus sodium fluoride mouthwash, (7) low-bacterial diet versus standard hospital diet, and (8) herbal versus placebo mouthwash. No clear differences were reported in any of the outcomes examined in the first 3 comparisons. There were also no clear differences in the rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection or insertion site infection between the use of chlorhexidine silver sulfadiazine–coated CVCs versus uncoated catheters in the patients. Further, no significant differences were seen between patients who used a well-fitted mask and those without a mask in the incidence of OI. The all-cause mortality and mortality due to OI were similar between the 2 groups. There was no clear difference in all-cause mortality, although common adverse effects were reported in patients who used sodium fluoride mouthwash compared with those using amine fluoride-stannous fluoride mouthwash. There was no evidence of any difference in the incidence of possible invasive aspergillosis or candidemia between patients who consumed a low-bacterial diet and a standard diet. For the last comparison, no significant difference was seen between patients who received herbal and placebo mouthwash. Conclusions Very limited evidence was available to measure the effectiveness of nondrug interventions in hematological cancers. The effectiveness of the interventions included in this review needs to be evaluated further in high-quality RCTs in a dedicated setting among patients with hematological malignancies. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020169186; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=169186

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We excluded 20 out of the short-listed 26 studies [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] as depicted in Multimedia Appendix 5. The studies were excluded due to the following reasons:…”

Section: Excluded Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review

Muhamad¹,

Maamor²,

Mustapha³

et al. 2023

Interact J Med Res

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“…In a crossover-design clinical trial, healthy participants who took a high-fiber snack for 6 weeks and maintained it with a low-fiber snack for 6 weeks had lower ferritin levels compared to the control group ( 52 ). A French epidemiological survey study that included 4,358 subjects also found a negative association between dietary fibers intake and serum ferritin levels ( 53 ). In addition, vegans with high-fiber diets have been found to have low ferritin levels in several dietary investigations ( 54 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associations between dietary fibers intake and systemic immune and inflammatory biomarkers, a multi-cycle study of NHANES 2015–2020

Qi,

Li,

Fang

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundIn recent years, there has been considerable growth in abnormal inflammatory reactions and immune system dysfunction, which are implicated in chronic inflammatory illnesses and a variety of other conditions. Dietary fibers have emerged as potential regulators of the human immune and inflammatory response. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations between dietary fibers intake and systemic immune and inflammatory biomarkers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2020). Dietary fibers intake was defined as the mean of two 24-h dietary recall interviews. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio (RA), ferritin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count were measured to evaluate systemic immune and inflammatory states of the body. The statistical software packages R and EmpowerStats were used to examine the associations between dietary fibers intake and systemic immune and inflammatory biomarkers.ResultsOverall, 14,392 participants were included in this study. After adjusting for age, gender, race, family monthly poverty level index, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vigorous recreational activity, body mass index, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and dietary inflammatory index, dietary fibers intake was inversely associated with SII (β = −2.19885, 95% CI: −3.21476 to −1.18294, p = 0.000248), SIRI (β = −0.00642, 95% CI: −0.01021 to −0.00263, p = 0.001738), NLR (β = −0.00803, 95% CI: −0.01179 to −0.00427, p = 0.000284), RA (β = −0.00266, 95% CI: −0.00401 to −0.00131, p = 0.000644), ferritin (β = −0.73086, 95% CI: −1.31385 to −0.14787, p = 0.020716), hs-CRP (β = −0.04629, 95% CI: −0.0743 to −0.01829, p = 0.002119), WBC (β = −0.01624, 95% CI: −0.02685 to −0.00563, p = 0.004066), neutrophils (β = −0.01346, 95% CI: −0.01929 to −0.00764, p = 0.000064). An inverse association between dietary fibers and PLR was observed in the middle (β = −3.11979, 95% CI: −5.74119 to −0.4984, p = 0.028014) and the highest tertile (β = −4.48801, 95% CI: −7.92369 to −1.05234, p = 0.016881) and the trend test (βtrend = −2.2626, 95% CI: −3.9648 to −0.5604, Ptrend = 0.0150). The observed associations between dietary fibers intake and SII, SIRI, NLR, RA, ferritin, hs-CRP, WBC, and neutrophils remained robust and consistent in the sensitivity analysis. No significant interaction by race was found.ConclusionDietary fibers intake is associated with the improvement of the parameters of the immune response and inflammatory biomarkers, supporting recommendations to increase dietary fibers intake for enhanced immune health.

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“…• Inappropriate study design: 5 nonrandomized comparative studies [50,53,55,58,64], 3 cohort studies [54,59,67], 3 case-control studies [51,52,56], 2 cross-sectional studies [62,65], 1 before-and-after study [63], 1 crossover study [49], and 1 mixed method study [61].…”

Section: Excluded Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review (Preprint)

Muhamad¹,

Maamor²,

Mustapha³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Hematological malignancies disturb the blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. Taking medications for treating opportunistic infections (OIs) in these individuals may enhance the risk of medication interaction as well as adverse drug reactions. OBJECTIVE This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nondrug interventions in reducing OIs among patients with hematological cancers. METHODS The PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Embase databases were searched on December 26, 2022, for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary endpoint was OIs. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool. RESULTS A total of 6 studies were included in this review with 4 interventions: (1) types of mouthwash received, (2) presence of coating on central venous catheters (CVCs), (3) use of well-fitted masks, and (4) types of diet consumed. The results were presented in 8 different comparisons: (1) chlorhexidine-nystatin versus saline mouth rinse, (2) chlorhexidine versus saline mouth rinse, (3) nystatin versus saline mouth rinse, (4) chlorhexidine silver sulfadiazine–coated CVCs versus uncoated catheters, (5) well-fitted masks versus no mask, (6) amine fluoride-stannous fluoride versus sodium fluoride mouthwash, (7) low-bacterial diet versus standard hospital diet, and (8) herbal versus placebo mouthwash. No clear differences were reported in any of the outcomes examined in the first 3 comparisons. There were also no clear differences in the rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection or insertion site infection between the use of chlorhexidine silver sulfadiazine–coated CVCs versus uncoated catheters in the patients. Further, no significant differences were seen between patients who used a well-fitted mask and those without a mask in the incidence of OI. The all-cause mortality and mortality due to OI were similar between the 2 groups. There was no clear difference in all-cause mortality, although common adverse effects were reported in patients who used sodium fluoride mouthwash compared with those using amine fluoride-stannous fluoride mouthwash. There was no evidence of any difference in the incidence of possible invasive aspergillosis or candidemia between patients who consumed a low-bacterial diet and a standard diet. For the last comparison, no significant difference was seen between patients who received herbal and placebo mouthwash. CONCLUSIONS Very limited evidence was available to measure the effectiveness of nondrug interventions in hematological cancers. The effectiveness of the interventions included in this review needs to be evaluated further in high-quality RCTs in a dedicated setting among patients with hematological malignancies. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020169186; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=169186

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Dietary fiber and cancer: A supplement for intervention studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review

Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review

The associations between dietary fibers intake and systemic immune and inflammatory biomarkers, a multi-cycle study of NHANES 2015–2020

Nondrug Intervention for Opportunistic Infections in Individuals With Hematological Malignancy: Systematic Review (Preprint)

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