Dietary exposure to pesticide residues and associated health risks in infants and young children – Results of the French infant total diet study

Nougadère, Alexandre; Sirot, Véronique; Cravedi, Jean‐Pierre; Vasseur, Paule; Feidt, Cyril; Fussell, Richard J.; Hu, Renwei; Leblanc, Jean‐Charles; Jean, Julien; Rivière, Gilles; Sarda, Xavier; Merlo, Mathilde; Hulin, Marion

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105529

Cited by 74 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Being a class III residue, the toxicity of metalaxyl in humans cannot be ruled out (El‐Nahhal, 2020). French infant total diet analysis demonstrated that metalaxyl was the most frequently detected fungicide in the food samples (Nougadère et al, 2020). in vivo study using metalaxyl‐exposed zebrafish embryos demonstrated cardiac abnormalities, malformation pericardial edema, and heart hemorrhage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Saquib

Siddiqui

Ansari

et al. 2021

J of Applied Toxicology

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Pesticides have adverse effects on the cellular functionality, which may trigger myriad of health consequences. However, pesticides‐mediated toxicity in the endothelial cells (ECs) is still elusive. Hence, in this study, we have used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model to quantify the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of four pesticides (methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin). In the MTT assay, HUVECs exposed to methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin demonstrated significant proliferation inhibition only at higher concentrations (500 and 1000 μM). Likewise, neutral red uptake (NRU) assay also showed proliferation inhibition of HUVECs at 500 and 1000 μM by the four pesticides, confirming lysosomal fragility. HUVECs exposed to the four pesticides significantly increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Comet assay and flow cytometric data exhibited DNA damage and apoptotic cell death in HUVECs after 24 h of exposure with methomyl, metalaxyl, carbaryl, and pendimethalin. This is a first study on HUVECs signifying the cytotoxic–genotoxic and apoptotic potential of carbamate insecticides (methomyl and carbaryl), fungicide (metalaxyl), and herbicide (pendimethalin). Overall, these pesticides may affect ECs functions and angiogenesis; nonetheless, mechanistic studies are warranted from the perspective of vascular biology using in vivo test models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Saquib

Siddiqui

Ansari

et al. 2021

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…The results of this study showed that the most sensitive and vulnerable life stages or age group to the detected pesticides were infants, toddlers and young children up to 6 years of age. The sensitivity or vulnerability of the age groups to several pesticides or pollutants are due to their high food intake to body weight ratio, and immaturity of their defence systems against toxic chemicals ( Nougadère et al., 2020 ). This findings are comparable with earlier study by Mekonen et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary intake is regarded to be a major potential route of exposure to most pesticides ( Nougadère et al., 2012 ; Zhou et al., 2012 ), and both infants and young children may be exposed to the OCP residues through consumption of contaminated foods at their early stages. The children are believed to be more vulnerable mainly as a result of such factors as high intake of food with respect to body weight (kg) when compared to adults, fairly restricted diet, not fully developed organs, rapid rate of metabolism and growth, and a lower detoxification capability ( World Health Organisation (WHO), 2006 ; Liu and Schelar, 2012 ; Lombard, 2014 ; Nougadère et al., 2020 ). In spite of earlier reports of presence of OCP residues in maize, a raw material for complementary food products, the occurrence and levels of these pesticides in maize-based food product brands in Nigeria have neither been previously reported nor the health risks of the dietary exposure evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in maize-based complementary breakfast food products in Nigeria

Sosan

Adeleye

Oyekunle

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The study assessed the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in eight brands (A-H) of regularly consumed maize-based complementary/breakfast foods in Nigeria. We also evaluated the dietary exposure of infants and young children to the detected OCPs. The OCP residues were quantified using GC-ECD. A total of 10 OCPs residues (β-HCH, δ- HCH, heptachlor, endosulfan sulfate, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, p,p’ -DDE, p,p’ -DDT and methoxychlor) were detected. Total OCPs burden was highest in brands F, D, and G with mean concentrations of 45.98 mg kg −1 , 28.54 mg kg −1 and 21.87 mg kg −1 , respectively and the lowest burdens in brands H (1.72 mg kg −1 ) and A (6.61 mg kg −1 ). Hazard index (HI) for all the age categories were >1 and all the 6 carcinogens (β-HCH, heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, p,p’ -DDE, and p,p’ -DDT) identified had cancer risk index range of 5.43 × 10 −4 to 2.05 × 10 −6 which were above acceptable risk. These results indicated the possibility of both systemic and cancer risks to infants and children consumers of the foods. Food brands manufacturers need to carry out regular pesticide residues analysis of raw materials especially maize prior to the production in order to ensure food safety and quality.

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“…In contrast, only the HRMS approach is capable of screening for such a large number of contaminants. Residue analysis of infant food are is of high importance because this specific age group is more sensitive to several chemicals due to their high food intake/body weight ratio and the immaturity of their defence systems against chemical stressors [75]. A specific directive was, therefore, defined by the European Commission for such foodstuffs [76].…”

Section: Multi-class Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Routine Analysis of Small Molecules in Food, Feed and Water for Safety and Authenticity Purposes: A Review

Gavage

Delahaut

Gillard

2021

Foods

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During the last decade, food, feed and environmental analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry became increasingly popular. Recent accessibility and technological improvements of this system make it a potential tool for routine laboratory work. However, this kind of instrument is still often considered a research tool. The wide range of potential contaminants and residues that must be monitored, including pesticides, veterinary drugs and natural toxins, is steadily increasing. Thanks to full-scan analysis and the theoretically unlimited number of compounds that can be screened in a single analysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry is particularly well-suited for food, feed and water analysis. This review aims, through a series of relevant selected studies and developed methods dedicated to the different classes of contaminants and residues, to demonstrate that high-resolution mass spectrometry can reach detection levels in compliance with current legislation and is a versatile and appropriate tool for routine testing.

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Dietary exposure to pesticide residues and associated health risks in infants and young children – Results of the French infant total diet study

Cited by 74 publications

References 29 publications

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Dietary risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in maize-based complementary breakfast food products in Nigeria

Suitability of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Routine Analysis of Small Molecules in Food, Feed and Water for Safety and Authenticity Purposes: A Review

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