Dielectric and ionic transport properties of bio-based polyurethane acrylate solid polymer electrolyte for application in electrochemical devices

Additive Manufacturing Polyurethane Acrylate via Stereolithography for 3D Structure Polymer Electrolyte Application

“…The DSC thermograms of 3D-printed PUA-based GPE from 0 wt.% to 25wt.% of LiClO 4 are shown in Figure 12 and Table 6 . Based on Figure 12 b, the transition glass temperature, T g value for 0 wt.% was −18.60 °C, which is near to the PUA T g value from a previous study [ 21 ]. All the samples were observed to have one T g value and one endothermic melting peak, T m .…”

“…The range of the temperature change was taken from the heat flow maximum peak temperature to −15 °C as the obvious heat flow changes were observed within that range, as shown in Figure 13 below. Based on Table 6 , the T g values determined in this study were in a range with T g from previous PUA GPE reports, which were from −20.4 °C up to −12.4 °C [ 21 , 43 ]. The addition of LiClO 4 salt into the polymer increased the T g value for all the samples.…”

“…This indicates the presence of structural rearrangement in the polymer chain and leads to Li + cation transportation in the polymer host [ 20 ]. The 3D-printed PUA-based GPE with 10 wt.% LiClO 4 has the roughest surface and has micro-size pores, thus, increasing the surface area for the Li + cation transporting characteristic [ 21 ]. Referring to Figure 3 , the same sample has higher conductivity compared to the other salt concentrations.…”

“…In addition, Chen et al [ 29 ] identified peaks for free ions and ion pairs at 624 cm −1 and 635 cm −1 , respectively, formed from the absorbance of ClO 4 − . Moreover, Naiwi et al [ 21 ], in their study, assigned 613 and 614 cm −1 as free ions and 633 and 634 cm −1 as ion pairs of ClO 4 − . Based on these reports, the free ions and ion pairs of LiClO 4 can be found at wavenumbers between 650 and 600 cm −1 .…”

Synthesis and characterization of a new phenothiazine-based sensitizer/co-sensitizer for efficient dye-sensitized solar cell performance using a gel polymer electrolyte and Ni–TiO2as a photoanode

“…The number of free ions increased as the value of charge carrier density grew, facilitating the rise in ionic conductivity. [113][114][115][116] The temperature-dependent dielectric behaviour of the ionic liquid-15% sample is shown in Fig. S6(c and d) (ESI †).…”