Didemnolines A-D, new N9-substituted β-carbolines from the marine ascidian Didemnum sp.

Schumacher, R. W.; Davidson, Bradley S.

doi:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00594-x

Cited by 69 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, OH-PBDEs have been identified as compounds of natural origin (20,21,(26)(27)(28). The congeners suggested as having natural origin 6′-OH-BDE90, 2′-OH-BDE68, and 6-OH-BDE137 were detected in this study (Table 2), and 2′-OH-BDE68 was also found in fish plasma collected from Detroit River (23).…”

Section: σOh-pbdes Tomentioning

confidence: 59%

Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (OH-PBDEs) in the Abiotic Environment: Surface Water and Precipitation from Ontario, Canada

Ueno

Darling

Alaee

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

129

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) have been identified as metabolites of PBDEs, and also as compounds of natural origin in the marine environment; however, there has only been very limited study of their presence in the abiotic environment. In the present study, OH-PBDEs were determined in samples of surface water and precipitation (rain and snow) collected from sites in Ontario, Canada. OH-PBDEs were detected in all the samples analyzed, although half of the observed peaks did not correspond to any of the 18 authentic standards available. Fluxes of sigmaOH-PBDEs ranged from 3.5 to 190 pg/m2 in snow and from 15 to 170 pg/m2/day in rain, and those were higher at three of the southern Ontario locations relative to a single northern remote site. Concentrations of sigmaOH-PBDEs ranged from 2.2 to 70 pg/L in water and from < 1 to 420 pg/g in particulate organic carbon (POC), and higher values were found near sewage treatment plant (STP) outfalls in Lake Ontario. Partition coefficients (log K(oc)) for OH-PBDEs ranged from 4.0 to 5.1. The results in this study suggest that OH-PBDEs are ubiquitous in the abiotic environment and most likely are produced through reaction of PBDEs with atmospheric OH radicals. As well, they may be present in surface waters near STPs due to oxidation of PBDEs and inflows from metabolism by humans and animals.

show abstract

Section: σOh-pbdes Tomentioning

confidence: 59%

Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (OH-PBDEs) in the Abiotic Environment: Surface Water and Precipitation from Ontario, Canada

Ueno

Darling

Alaee

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

129

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This might be due to the fact that BDE-47 was one of the major components in commercial penta-BDE products and thus was the predominant congener found in environment [3]. On the other hand, OH-PBDEs could also be formed from naturally produced organohalogens by marine organisms such as sponges [28,29], tunicates [30,31] and algae [14]. However, very limited data of OH-PBDEs have been reported in abiotic environmental samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Analysis of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in rat plasma by using ultra performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Lai

Chen

Lam

et al. 2011

Journal of Chromatography B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The metabolite 6-OH-BDE47 was found in an ascidian ( Didemnum sp.) by Schumacher and Davidson (1995), and the MeO-BDE68 has been found in green algae ( Cladophora fascicularis ) in the Pacific (Kuniyoshi et al, 1985). The structurally related analogues of the hydroxylated compounds found in this study, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary 14C radiocarbon levels of oxygenated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (O-PBDEs) isolated in sponge–cyanobacteria associations

Guitart

Slattery

Ankisetty

et al. 2011

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Considerable debate surrounds the sources of oxygenated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (O-PBDEs) in wildlife as to whether they are naturally produced or result from anthropogenic industrial activities. Natural radiocarbon (14C) abundance has proven to be a powerful tool to address this problem as recently biosynthesized compounds contain contemporary (i.e. modern) amounts of atmospheric radiocarbon; whereas industrial chemicals, mostly produced from fossil fuels, contain no detectable 14C. However, few compounds isolated from organisms have been analyzed for their radiocarbon content. To provide a baseline, we analyzed the 14C content of four O-PBDEs. These compounds, 6-OH-BDE47, 2′-OHBDE68, 2′,6-diOH-BDE159, and a recently identified compound, 2′-MeO-6-OH-BDE120, were isolated from the tropical marine sponges Dysidea granulosa and Lendenfeldia dendyi. The modern radiocarbon content of their chemical structures (i.e. diphenyl ethers, C12H22O) indicates that they are naturally produced. This adds to a growing baseline on, at least, the sources of these unusual compounds.

show abstract

Didemnolines A-D, new N9-substituted β-carbolines from the marine ascidian Didemnum sp.

Cited by 69 publications

References 23 publications

Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (OH-PBDEs) in the Abiotic Environment: Surface Water and Precipitation from Ontario, Canada

Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (OH-PBDEs) in the Abiotic Environment: Surface Water and Precipitation from Ontario, Canada

Analysis of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in rat plasma by using ultra performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Contemporary 14C radiocarbon levels of oxygenated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (O-PBDEs) isolated in sponge–cyanobacteria associations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About