Diatom mediated heavy metal remediation: A review

Diatoms recovery from wastewater: Overview from an ecological and economic perspective

“…They can survive in adverse climatic conditions since their silica cell wall is a nanoporous structure which allows them to act as a potential buffer system by improving carbonic anhydrase activity and helps in the transformation of bicarbonate to carbon-di-oxide (CO 2 ). They actively participate in wastewater remediation and quenching of heavy metal, leading to a degradation of environmental pollution [ 49 ]. Though bacteria, fungus, yeast, and algal biomass are commonly used in the treatment of heavy metal, diatoms are most preferred due to their large surface area, mucilage, nutritional requirement, and faster growth rate.…”

“…Despite this, a lot of work needs to be done in the treatment of wastewater by testing more species and study their capability of heavy metals removal. The biological degradation of heavy metal is quite challenging but not impossible [ 49 , 51 ].…”

Looking back, looking forward: a review of the new literature on diatom teratological forms (2010–2020)

“…Concerning trace metal pollution, the protective effect of a thick matrix results in a less pronounced effect on primary production and community composition (Ivorra et al, 2000;Gold et al, 2003a, b). In this context, the microdistribution of diatoms within the biofilm, their growth forms and cell size can affect community responses to environmental stressors and deserve a deeper analysis (Ivorra et al, 2002;Morin et al, 2012a;Belando et al, 2017;Kiran Marella et al, 2020).…”

Copper Removal Mediated by Pseudomonas veronii 2E in Batch and Continuous Reactors

“…These species are essential for biological functions serving as a cofactor for enzymes that are involved in processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. However, at high levels of copper this property makes it potentially toxic because the transitions between Cu(II) and Cu(I) can result in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, often causing oxidative stress which in turn may convey to membrane disintegration, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage [17]. Also, excessive Cu(II) intake leads to severe mucosal irritation and corrosion, stomach upset or ulcer, wide spread capillary, hepatic and renal damages (for example Wilson's disease leading to brain damage), central nervous system irritation followed by depression, gastrointestinal irritation and possible necrotic changes in the liver and kidney [18,19].…”

“…Several conventional techniques have been applied to remove ERM from wastewater [9]. Most of them are chemical and physical methods such as adsorption with activated carbon, oxidation, ion exchange, membrane filtration and chemical precipitation; but these practices can be expensive, energy costly, and need time and constant maintenance [17]. Besides, these methods have been associated to a secondary pollution by a toxic sludge formation difficult of being disposed of [21].…”