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Radioactive materialsUranium, radon, thorium etc. Mining, power plants, natural sources BIOLOGICAL Pathogens, microbes Bacteria, viruses, parasites Sewage and human or animal excretaThe adulteration of various contaminants arising from diverse sources into the water makes it highly unsuitable for consumption. There are various side effects are also associated with the water pollution, which not only affect humans but also ecosystem functioning as shown in Figure 1.Pollution such as water pollution got intensified with an increase in population density. So, it became important to deal with various industrial and household contaminants like dyes, heavy metals, microbes and radioactive materials. Hence, to remediate the water from such hazardous contaminants in a rapidly developing world, new technological inventions are required globally. Nanotechnology is getting increased attention as it is an advanced technology and shows advantages compared to other innovations. Various technologies are available in remediating water such as algal turf systems and nanoparticle-based adsorption. There are several ways of nanoparticle synthesis, but the algae-based synthesis is very significant and environment friendly. The potential and efficiency of algae in waste water remediation is remarkable and several contaminants can be detoxified, transformed and volatized by algae. There are several potential benefits associated with the algae mediated phycoremediation due to its advantages over conventional systems of remediation and heavy metal removal. Algal strains are easy to culture and adaptive in nature and can be easily manipulated within the laboratory. In this review, we have discussed the biological green nanoparticle synthesis using algae as an eco-friendly, cheap and cost-effective sustainable technology. However, algal mediated waste water treatment is yet in a primary stage and many innovative steps are necessary for adaptive remediation strategies, which can sustainably address global waste water issues. ARTICLE INFO