Diagnosis and Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors

Chin, Jun Liong; O’Toole, Dermot

doi:10.5946/ce.2017.181

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Duodenal NET is extremely rare and accounts for only 2.6% of all NETs [3,5]. Duodenal NETs (d-NETs) can be classified into five different tumour types: non-functional d-NETs, duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma, high-grade poorly [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Duodenal neuroendocrine tumours (d-NET) are rare neoplasms that originate from the enterochromaffin cells of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine system [3]. Duodenal NETs account for only 2.6% of all the neuroendocrine neoplasms [3,5]. They most commonly occur in the 6th decade of life with male preponderance [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They most commonly occur in the 6th decade of life with male preponderance [6]. Most of the GEP-NET are non-functional and are discovered incidentally on endoscopy, done for symptoms like abdominal pain, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, anaemia or jaundice [5,7]. Various investigations that can be performed for the diagnosis of NET are upper gastrointestinal endoscopy which is the gold standard [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Duodenum—an Uncommon Tumour at an Unusual Site

Dewan

Bhat

Prasad

et al. 2018

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Neuroendocrine carcinoma rarely occurs in the duodenum, and most cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma in the duodenum show rapid progression of the disease. Such cases have poor prognosis even with radical surgery with or without chemotherapy with low 5-year survival rate. We present a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain of 1-month duration and one episode of vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed polypoidal lesions in the first and second part of the duodenum. Whipple's procedure was performed. Diagnosis of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma was made with extension to pancreas with peripancreatic lymph node metastases. The patient expired on post operative day 17 following cardiac arrest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Duodenum—an Uncommon Tumour at an Unusual Site

Dewan

Bhat

Prasad

et al. 2018

Indian J Surg Oncol

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“…Sporadic GI-NETs commonly appear as nonvillous polyps or nodules in the stomach or duodenum. 27 On cross-sectional imaging, NETs appear as hypervascular contrast-enhanced tumors. On computed tomography (CT) images, large tumor size, cystic changes, necrosis, transmural invasion, fat infiltration, and lymphadenopathy are more characteristic of neuroendocrine carcinomas than benign NETs.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Clinical and Pathological Correlates

2019

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Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs), previously classified as carcinoid tumors, are rare cancers that arise from cells of the diffuse endocrine system of the gastrointestinal tract. These tumors most commonly arise from the bronchus, jejunoileum, or colon/rectum. They produce peptide products that can lead to identifiable clinical syndromes such as carcinoid syndrome, which is classically associated with diarrhea, flushing, and heart disease. The latest classifications of GI-NETs include pancreatic NETs, which can produce a wide range of pancreatic hormones leading to syndromes such as Zollinger–Ellison's syndrome. The prognosis for patients with GI-NETs varies widely depending on the size, location, and presence of metastatic disease, with 5-year survival rates ranging from 0 to 15% for poorly differentiated NETs and 10-year survival rates of up to 100% for patients with insulinomas smaller than 2 cm. A wide range of treatment modalities is commonly used to treat GI-NETs, including surgical and endoscopic resection, locoregional therapies, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and somatostatin receptor targeted therapy. The goal of this review is to detail the classification, epidemiology, clinical syndromes, diagnosis, and staging of these tumors and to provide an overview of management strategies.

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“…With reference to histology, serology, and endoscopy findings, they can be distributed into types I, II, and III with aggressiveness degree varying [1]. Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinomas are diagnosed rarely [2]. A survey from the US's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Register depicts that neuroendocrine carcinomas of small intestine have been increased 300%-500% in last 35 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal Ganglion Neuro Endocrin Neoplasm: A Case Report

Rehman¹,

Sarwar²,

Afzal³

2019

SJNHC

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Introduction: The neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are comparatively infrequent and mixed tumors which comprise 2% of all malignancies, with an incidence of <200,000 population. Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinomas are diagnosed rarely. While gastric carcinoma is third principal reason of death in men and fifth in women especially in Eastern Asia. Case Report: We, herein, present a patient of 30 years and male who was presented to OPD having complaints of diarrhea, hot flushes, dizziness, dyspepsia and anorexia. A Core Biopsy of left par aortic region was made. The findings showed that patient was suffering from neuroendocrine neoplasm/paraganglioma. Initially, lesions can be managed by endoscopic excision of accessible tumors and endoscopic monitor. Discussion: Abdominal neuroendocrine carcinomas are also rare and accounting for less than 10% of gastric neoplasms and such rareness has made it tough to accurately recognize their organic nature and to identify ideal treatment choices. Conclusion: As we described a patient of intermittent gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma, a well-managed description of these cancers/tumors should be discussed globally and historically. Diagnostics and therapeutic managements must be evaluating in large clinical studies.

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Diagnosis and Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Duodenum—an Uncommon Tumour at an Unusual Site

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Duodenum—an Uncommon Tumour at an Unusual Site

Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Clinical and Pathological Correlates

Abdominal Ganglion Neuro Endocrin Neoplasm: A Case Report

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