Developmental expression of hexokinase 1 and 3 in rats

Coerver, Katherine A.; Gray, S. M.; Barnes, James E.; Armstrong, Dawna L.; McCabe, Edward R.B.

doi:10.1007/s004180050204

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(46 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, the expression of immunodetectable HK-I protein in the embryonic heart increases between early and late organogenesis. Previous work has demonstrated high and fairly constant HK-I levels in the heart throughout fetal stages (Griffin et al 1992;Coerver et al 1998), suggesting the importance of this enzyme for glycolytic metabolism in the developing heart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Other studies have examined HK expression and activity during fetal and neonatal stages. HK-I was identified by immunohistochemistry in fetal brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle on gd 14 in the rat (Coerver et al 1998), but earlier embryonic stages were not examined. Similarly, HK-I mRNA was found in fetal rat brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle at gd 14 (Griffin et al 1992) and in kidney and lung at gd 18 (Postic et al 1994), but earlier stages were not examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hexokinase I expression and activity in embryonic mouse heart during early and late organogenesis

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hexokinase (HK) catalyzes the first step in glucose metabolism, that is, the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). Four HK isoforms have been identified, of which HK-I is predominant in embryonic and fetal tissues. HK-I has been studied in preimplantation embryos and in fetal stages, but little is known about its activity or expression in the early postimplantation embryo. We evaluated HK-I expression, HK-I activity, and glycolytic metabolism in the embryonic mouse heart during early [gestational day (gd) 9.5] and late (gd 13.5) organogenesis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that HK-I is localized mainly in the heart at both stages, with stronger expression on gd 13.5. Densitometry after SDS-PAGE/western analysis confirmed higher immunodetectable HK-I protein levels in hearts on gd 13.5 vs gd 9.5. By contrast, RT-PCR demonstrated higher HK-I mRNA expression on gd 9.5 vs gd 13.5. Similarly, cardiac HK-I activity (conversion of glucose to G6P) and glycolysis (conversion of glucose to lactate) were higher on gd 9.5 than on gd 13.5. These results suggest a complex regulation of HK-I expression and activity in the embryonic heart during organogenesis, involving a change in the intrinsic activity of the enzyme with development. HK-I appears to play an important role in glucose metabolism during this critical stage of cardiogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexokinase I expression and activity in embryonic mouse heart during early and late organogenesis

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hexokinase II is the principal regulated isoform in many cell types (especially in adipose, muscle and heart) and its expression is upregulated in many cancers. Hexokinase III is inhibited by glucose at physiologic concentrations and is expressed in cell bodies of mature neurons and brain white matter (myelinated axons) as well as in kidney, heart, skeletal muscle and spleen (121). …”

Section: Glucosephysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Monosaccharide Transport Proteins in Carbohydrate Assimilation, Distribution, Metabolism, and Homeostasis

Cura

Carruthers

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

138

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The facilitated diffusion of glucose, galactose, fructose, urate, myoinositol, and dehydroascorbic acid in mammals is catalyzed by a family of 14 monosaccharide transport proteins called GLUTs. These transporters may be divided into three classes according to sequence similarity and function/substrate specificity. GLUT1 appears to be highly expressed in glycolytically active cells and has been coopted in vitamin C auxotrophs to maintain the redox state of the blood through transport of dehydroascorbate. Several GLUTs are definitive glucose/galactose transporters, GLUT2 and GLUT5 are physiologically important fructose transporters, GLUT9 appears to be a urate transporter while GLUT13 is a proton/myoinositol cotransporter. The physiologic substrates of some GLUTs remain to be established. The GLUTs are expressed in a tissue specific manner where affinity, specificity, and capacity for substrate transport are paramount for tissue function. Although great strides have been made in characterizing GLUT‐catalyzed monosaccharide transport and mapping GLUT membrane topography and determinants of substrate specificity, a unifying model for GLUT structure and function remains elusive. The GLUTs play a major role in carbohydrate homeostasis and the redistribution of sugar‐derived carbons among the various organ systems. This is accomplished through a multiplicity of GLUT‐dependent glucose sensing and effector mechanisms that regulate monosaccharide ingestion, absorption, distribution, cellular transport and metabolism, and recovery/retention. Glucose transport and metabolism have coevolved in mammals to support cerebral glucose utilization. © 2012 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 2:863‐914, 2012.

show abstract

“…Insulin also has a direct effect on Hk2 activity and subcellular localization [98]. Muscle also expresses Hk1 [99] and low levels of Hk3, though neither appears to be regulated by insulin [98,100]. Alternatively, in the liver, glucose uptake is facilitated by hexokinase 4 (Hk4), also known as glucokinase (Gck) [101].…”

Section: Glucose Metabolism During Exercisementioning

confidence: 96%

Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in the Pathology and Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

Mann

Ayuso²,

Anguela³

et al. 2010

CPD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 1 diabetes is characterised by the absence of circulating insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta-cells in the pancreas. Patients are traditionally treated with multiple daily injections of exogenous insulin analogues. However, although these therapies improve quality of life, they are associated with the risk of hypoglycemic episodes and do not prevent the development of debilitating secondary complications. For these reasons, there is increasing demand for new therapies and preventions. One approach is the use of viral or non-viral gene therapy to modify skeletal muscle to produce and secrete insulin into the circulation and/or to increase muscle glucose uptake. Skeletal muscle is a desirable target tissue for the treatment of diabetes not only for its central role in whole body metabolism and glucose homeostasis, but also for its accessibility and amenability to many potential gene therapy technologies. Here, we review the basic metabolic principles of skeletal muscle in the absorptive and post-absorptive states at rest and during exercise and discuss how these processes are affected in type 1 diabetes. Finally, current viral and non-viral strategies for modification of skeletal muscle and their application to the treatment of type 1 diabetes are also presented.

show abstract

Developmental expression of hexokinase 1 and 3 in rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Hexokinase I expression and activity in embryonic mouse heart during early and late organogenesis

Hexokinase I expression and activity in embryonic mouse heart during early and late organogenesis

Role of Monosaccharide Transport Proteins in Carbohydrate Assimilation, Distribution, Metabolism, and Homeostasis

Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in the Pathology and Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About