1999
DOI: 10.1007/s004180050417
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Hexokinase I expression and activity in embryonic mouse heart during early and late organogenesis

Abstract: Hexokinase (HK) catalyzes the first step in glucose metabolism, that is, the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). Four HK isoforms have been identified, of which HK-I is predominant in embryonic and fetal tissues. HK-I has been studied in preimplantation embryos and in fetal stages, but little is known about its activity or expression in the early postimplantation embryo. We evaluated HK-I expression, HK-I activity, and glycolytic metabolism in the embryonic mouse heart during early [gestational… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(15 citation statements)
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References 18 publications
(18 reference statements)
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“…Indeed, cardiomyocytes had higher Hxk-1 protein content with a dappled pattern of intracellular localization corresponding to mitochondrial network arrangement throughout the cell and specifically in the intermyofibrillar space. This data is in line with the demonstration that Hxk-1 is localized mainly in the heart at early stages of embryonic development [23]. Although adult cardiomyocytes display both Hxk-1 and Hxk-2 isoforms, Hxk-2 is predominant [40].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…Indeed, cardiomyocytes had higher Hxk-1 protein content with a dappled pattern of intracellular localization corresponding to mitochondrial network arrangement throughout the cell and specifically in the intermyofibrillar space. This data is in line with the demonstration that Hxk-1 is localized mainly in the heart at early stages of embryonic development [23]. Although adult cardiomyocytes display both Hxk-1 and Hxk-2 isoforms, Hxk-2 is predominant [40].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…Error bars represent SEM. * Different from gd 9.5 value at P<0.02 early (gd 9.5) versus late (gd 13.5) organogenesis (Fritz et al 1999). The facilitated diffusion of glucose across the plasma membrane is the rate-limiting step for subsequent glucose utilization and is mediated by a family of Glut proteins.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Glycolytic metabolism and hexokinase activity are approximately six-and two-fold higher, respectively, in embryonic hearts during early (gd 9.5) versus late (gd 13.5) organogenesis (Fritz et al 1999). The importance of glucose to heart function during early organogenesis has also been demonstrated in rat embryos exposed to anaerobic conditions and metabolic inhibitors (Cox and Gunberg 1972).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 85%
“…Even after birth, as mitochondrial metabolism matures, glycolysis is still the preferred energetic pathway for several weeks, driven in part by expression of insulin-independent isoforms of the glucose transporter (GLUT1) and HKI, with its strong binding to mitochondria. Thus, HKI is the predominant isoform in embryonic, fetal and neonatal hearts [115] facilitating their high glycolytic rate [30]. After birth, the transition from a continuous supply of placental glucose to an intermittent mixed carbohydrate-fat oral diet during nursing, induces a switch to the insulin-dependent isoforms GLUT4 and HK2 [30, 116], along with down-regulation of other glycolytic enzymes and upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation enzymes [117].…”
Section: Hk and Metabolic Profiles In Cancer Developing Hearts And mentioning
confidence: 99%