Development of Polymer Composites in Radiation Shielding Applications: A Review

Zeng, Chenhao; Kang, Qi; Duan, Zhong-Shan; Qin, Bing; Xu, Feng; Lu, Hsiu-Ying; Lin, Yiran

doi:10.1007/s10904-023-02725-6

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 323 publications

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“…Consequently, there is an increasing demand for new shielding materials that can be customized to suit varying radiation types and intended uses. Polymer-based composites are especially appealing as they can be molded into various shapes, are lightweight, and can be created to meet various industries' specific radiation shielding requirements [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of radiation shielding performance: comparison of lead and polyvinylidene difluoride reinforced with tungsten

Yazdankish

2024

Phys. Scr.

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This study examines the shielding properties of polyvinylidene difluoride reinforced with 20%, 40%, and 60% weight fractions of tungsten and compares the findings to those obtained from lead. The mass and linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, and effective atomic number were calculated using the Phy-X/PSD software. From the photon interactions with matter point of view, the Photoelectric effect dominates in low-energy photons, while pair production is dominant in high-energy photons; meanwhile, Compton scattering remains almost constant across the energy range. The results show that the mass attenuation coefficient is higher for low-energy photons, and composites with a higher weight fraction of tungsten exhibit higher values of mass attenuation coefficients. The half-value layer decreased as the weight fraction of tungsten increased, and the effective atomic number was higher for lower energy photons. These findings were contrasted against calculations derived for lead. Within the energy interval of 20-200 keV, the mass attenuation coefficient for lead was observed to be approximately two times that of the optimal values recorded for the specific composites under examination, whereas at 2 MeV, this discrepancy diminished. The minimum half-value layer for polyvinylidene difluoride augmented with 60% weight proportions of tungsten in comparison to lead was identified at an energy of 2 MeV. During this interval, the half-value layer for this composite material was threefold greater than that of lead. Although the mass attenuation coefficient is higher for lead, in some energy ranges (about two MeV), the findings from the selected composites are completely comparable to those from lead, demonstrating the ability and performance of the polyvinylidene difluoride composites for radiation shielding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of radiation shielding performance: comparison of lead and polyvinylidene difluoride reinforced with tungsten

Yazdankish

2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…Boron's incorporation into continuous fiber nanocomposites demonstrates the need to go beyond conventional radiation shielding techniques [ 22 , 23 ]. Utilizing boron's superior properties, these novel techniques substantially improve the material's radiation attenuation efficiency [ 24 – 26 ].…”

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic radiation shielding property of boron reinforced continuous fiber nanocomposites produced by electrospinning

Özcan,

Kaya,

Kaya

2023

Discover Nano

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Electrospinning, a cutting-edge production technique, is used to create boron-reinforced continuous fiber nanocomposites that shield space missions from cosmic radiation, a significant hazard. By incorporating boron, which is known for its exceptional neutron shielding properties, into the polymer matrix, a composite material that is flexible, lightweight, and highly resistant to radiation is produced. The results indicate that continuous fiber nanocomposites reinforced with boron, boric acid, or both have a high shielding efficiency against cosmic radiation. The adaptability and low weight of the manufactured nanocomposites make them ideal for space applications. While boric acid combines with PVA at the molecular level and alters the molecular chain structure of PVA, it is believed that elemental boron is only incorporated as particulates into the PVA polymer. It is known that both boric acid and elemental boron doped nanocomposites provide samples with a thickness of 10 microns with 13.56% neutron shielding and superior photon blocking ability.

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“…Ionizing radiation, including γ-rays, X-rays, and neutrons, is widely utilized in the nuclear, military, space, and medical fields [ 1 , 2 ]. In particular, X-rays are the most frequently utilized radiation in medical diagnosis, therapy, industrial inspection, and academic research [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent X-ray Shielding Using Sulfated Cerium Oxide and Bismuth Halide Composites

2023

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Lead is the most widely used X-ray-shielding material, but it is heavy (density ≈ 11.34 g/cm3) and toxic. Therefore, the replacement of Pb with lightweight, ecofriendly materials would be beneficial, and such materials would have applications in medicine, electronics, and aerospace engineering. However, the shielding ability of Pb-free materials is significantly lower than that of Pb itself. To maximize the radiation attenuation of non-Pb-based shielding materials, a high-attenuation cross-section, normal to the incoming X-ray direction, must be achieved. In this study, we developed efficient X-ray-shielding materials composed of sulfated cerium oxide (S-CeO2) and bismuth halides. Crucially, the materials are lightweight and mechanically flexible because of the absence of heavy metals (for example, Pb and W). Further, by pre-forming the doped metal oxide as a porous sponge matrix, and then incorporating the bismuth halides into the porous matrix, uniform, compact, and intimate composites with a high-attenuation cross-section were achieved. Owing to the synergetic effect of the doped metal oxide and bismuth halides, the resultant thin (approximately 3 mm) and lightweight (0.85 g·cm−3) composite achieved an excellent X-ray-shielding rate of approximately 92% at 60 kV, one of the highest values reported for non-heavy-metal shielding materials.

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Development of Polymer Composites in Radiation Shielding Applications: A Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 323 publications

Evaluation of radiation shielding performance: comparison of lead and polyvinylidene difluoride reinforced with tungsten

Evaluation of radiation shielding performance: comparison of lead and polyvinylidene difluoride reinforced with tungsten

Cosmic radiation shielding property of boron reinforced continuous fiber nanocomposites produced by electrospinning

Multicomponent X-ray Shielding Using Sulfated Cerium Oxide and Bismuth Halide Composites

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