Development of infrared thermal imager for dry eye diagnosis

Infrared thermography on ocular surface temperature: A review

“…Twenty six normal and 82 dry eye patients were recruited in that studies. An encircled region having diameter of 4.4 mm (22 pixels) was positioned at the centre of eye to acquire OST [51]. The study showed that, the diagnosis of dry eye patients was accurate with a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 75% with 0.841 area under ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curve 0.42°C/s [51].…”

“…In some studies either a squared 10 Â 10 pixels box [42,49], or a squared 20 Â 20 pixels box [50] with an actual area of 3.3 mm 2 , or an area of 4 mm 2 [20] or an encircled region of 4.4 mm diameter [51], or a small circle [52] at the centre of cornea were used to study OST.…”

Thermal analysis of dry eye subjects and the thermal impulse perturbation model of ocular surface

“…In previous studies, the OST is either measured at several representative points inside the corneal area (Efron et al, 1989;Purslow et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2009) or calculated as the average temperature over a certain region of interest(ROI) (Chiang et al, 2006;Kottaiyan et al, 2012;Morgan et al, 1996). The thermal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 data for each blink cycle are either fit with linear section lines during each second, (Kottaiyan et al, 2012;Morgan et al, 1996) or fit with exponentials by picking three temperature points (Chiang et al, 2006).…”

“…The thermal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 data for each blink cycle are either fit with linear section lines during each second, (Kottaiyan et al, 2012;Morgan et al, 1996) or fit with exponentials by picking three temperature points (Chiang et al, 2006). The OST cooling rate of dry eye subjects was observed to be faster than that of non-dry eye subjects in these studies.…”

Application of infrared thermography in computer aided diagnosis

“…Thermography does not have the benefit of knowing the signal source, because it is [180] 2013 2a 1 ---Arita et al [181] 2013 2a 1 ---Purslow [182] 2013 1a 1 ---Klamann et al [183] 2013 2a 1 ---Petznick et al [184] 2013 2a 1 ---Gonnermann et al [178] 2012 2a 1 ---Kottaiyan et al [185] 2012 2a 1 ---Tan et al [186] 2011 4a 1 ---Kamao et al [187] 2011 2a 2 -83 80 Tan et al [188] 2010 4a 1 ---Tan et al [189] 2010 3a 1 ---Tan et al [190] 2010 2a 1 ---Acharya et al [191] 2009 4a 1 ---Chiang et al [192] 2006 2a 2 -79.3 75 Purslow et al [193] 2005 2a 2 ---Cherkas et al [194] 2003 2a 1 ---Morgan et al [195] 1999 1a ----Mori et al [196] 1997 1a 1 ---Morgan et al [197] 1996 2a 1 ---Morgan et al [198] 1995 2a 1 --- Table 6: Pain and inflammation diagnosis results. Authors Year MP PE A (%) Se (%) Sp (%) Jeong et al [203] 2013 2b ----Dibai Filho et al [204] 2013 1b 1 ---Kang et al [202] 2013 2b ----Rodrigues-Bigaton et al [88] 2013 1a 2 -62.2 75.6 Dibai Filho et al [205] 2013 1a 2 60 55.8 55.8 Zaproudina et al [206] 2013 2a 1 ---Roy et al [207] 2013 2a 1 ---Choi et al [201] 2013 2b 1 ---Zaproudina et al [208] 2013 2a 1 ---Frize and Ogungbemile [209] 2012 3b 3 -96 92 Hildebrandt et al [210] 2012 2b ----Laino [211] 2012 2b ----Wu et al [212] 2009 2b 1 ---Chang et al [213] 2008 1b 1 ---Niehof et al [214] 2007 2a 2 -74.3 83.9 Park et al …”