Thermal analysis of dry eye subjects and the thermal impulse perturbation model of ocular surface

Zhang, Aizhong; Maki, Kara L.; Salahura, Gheorghe; Kottaiyan, Ranjini; Yoon, Geunyoung; Hindman, Holly B.; Aquavella, James V.; Zavislan, James M.

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.01.021

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to its use for diagnosing DED, thermography helps differentiate the dry eye subtype in patients. Zhang et al reported that subjects with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) have a higher baseline temperature ( p < 0.022) and a higher asymptotic temperature ( p < 0.007) than subjects with aqueous-deficient dry eye [ 40 ], a similar result to the one reported by Abreau et al [ 26 ], as shown in Table 2 . It has also been reported that patients with evaporative dry eye have a higher cooling rate than patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye [ 44 , 79 ].…”

Section: Use Of Thermography In Ophthalmologysupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Ocular surface temperature is influenced by multiple conditions, one of the most studied being dry eye [ 39 , 40 ], which will be discussed in a special section. Due to the inflammatory and vascular processes associated with allergic conjunctivitis, it is possible to identify thermographic changes in the ocular surface in patients with allergic conjunctivitis.…”

Section: Use Of Thermography In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Applications of Infrared Thermography in Ophthalmology

Gulías-Cañizo

Rodríguez-Malagón

Botello-González

et al. 2023

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body temperature is one of the key vital signs for determining a disease’s severity, as it reflects the thermal energy generated by an individual’s metabolism. Since the first study on the relationship between body temperature and diseases by Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich at the end of the 19th century, various forms of thermometers have been developed to measure body temperature. Traditionally, methods for measuring temperature can be invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive. In recent years, great technological advances have reduced the cost of thermographic cameras, which allowed extending their use. Thermal cameras capture the infrared radiation of the electromagnetic spectrum and process the images to represent the temperature of the object under study through a range of colors, where each color and its hue indicate a previously established temperature. Currently, cameras have a sensitivity that allows them to detect changes in temperature as small as 0.01 °C. Along with its use in other areas of medicine, thermography has been used at the ocular level for more than 50 years. In healthy subjects, the literature reports that the average corneal temperature ranges from 32.9 to 36 °C. One of the possible sources of variability in normal values is age, and other possible sources of variation are gender and external temperature. In addition to the evaluation of healthy subjects, thermography has been used to evaluate its usefulness in various eye diseases, such as Graves’ orbitopathy, and tear duct obstruction for orbital diseases. The ocular surface is the most studied area. Ocular surface temperature is influenced by multiple conditions, one of the most studied being dry eye; other diseases studied include allergic conjunctivitis and pterygium as well as systemic diseases such as carotid artery stenosis. Among the corneal diseases studied are keratoconus, infectious keratitis, corneal graft rejection, the use of scleral or soft contact lenses, and the response to refractive or cataract surgery. Other diseases where thermographic features have been reported are glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vascular occlusions, intraocular tumors as well as scleritis, and other inflammatory eye diseases.

show abstract

Section: Use Of Thermography In Ophthalmologysupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Use Of Thermography In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Infrared Thermography in Ophthalmology

Gulías-Cañizo

Rodríguez-Malagón

Botello-González

et al. 2023

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[2] Several types of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena are modelled by means of non-integer order derivatives. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Numerous other works can be found in the articles already cited to exemplify the applications of fractional calculus. However, there are few examples of applications of analysis of rate data, a scarcity which is surprising, because in many cases a non-integer order differential equation gives a finer description of a given phenomenon than the respective integer-order differential equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalization of the integral and differential method for analysis of rate data by means of the fractional calculus

Ströher

2021

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The kinetic study of chemical reactions is usually carried out by means of analysis of experimental rate data obtained during the evolution of a reaction in a batch reactor. The methods for analysis of rate data obtained in a batch reactor include the classical integral methods (CIM) and classical differential methods (CDM), which use temporal derivatives of the unit-order concentration, dC A / dt, in the mass balance equation. The present study proposes these two methods of analysis in a generalized formulation that makes use of non-integer order temporal derivatives, d α C A /dt α , 0<α ≤ 1, called generalized integral method (GIM) and generalized differential method (GDM) in the present work. The solutions of the fractional ordinary differential equations (FODE) of GIM are presented using the Laplace transform technique and numerical fractional derivative evaluation methods for GDM application. The proposed generalized methods allow for the determination of the order and the specific reaction rate in the same way as the classical methods, that is, of integer order (α = 1); however, generalized methods have the additional advantage of determining the fractional order of the temporal derivative.

show abstract