Development of dairy cattle breeding in the Tambov region

Abstract

The article shows that dairy farming is one of the most dynamically developing branches of agriculture, existing under the influence of internal and external environments, defined as: compliance with the breed standard, medical standards for milk consumption, increased investment in the industry, its resource potential. On the basis of a retrospective analysis, the evolution of technological structures in dairy cattle breeding in Russia is considered: pre-industrial, collective farming with agricultural mechanization, industrial, intensive technocratic, biotechnological. In addition, on the basis of the organizational and economic analysis of dairy cattle breeding in the Tambov region, the trends of its functioning have been determined: a decrease in the self-sufficiency of the region’s population with milk and dairy products; destructuring of the production sector with an increase in the share of enterprises with low-intensity and extensive milk production; low intensity of reproduction of a herd of cattle; a wide variety of breed composition of dairy cattle. It was found that agricultural enterprises of the region, as a rule, specializing in the development of dairy cattle breeding, choose the direction of organizing a purebred herd with standardized exterior features. This is a fundamentally different way of breeding work from all-Russian trends. On the basis of the research carried out, the priority directions of the development of dairy cattle breeding in an innovation-oriented context are substantiated.

Prospects for the development of the oil and gas sector in the Russian Federation

“…Production indices reflect a similar situation. If oil production is more or less stable in a given period, then gas production increases more significantly than the industry average [39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. As can be seen from the data presented, even the situation with the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the situation with gas production, since a significant proportion of its consumers are households and consumption for socially significant purposes (heating, fertilizer production, etc.)…”

State support for agriculture based on the development of commodity lending in animal husbandry

“…In this regard, in order to meet the population's demand for milk and dairy products at the expense of a local producer, in order to preserve villages and a decent life for rural residents, it is necessary to consider the problem of increasing milk production as a priority task of national importance [26][27][28][29].…”

Forecasting the production of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation

“…Since we are dealing with time series of the studied indicators, to determine the presence of a trend in them, we will apply the method of comparing average levels, dividing the time series into two parts and test the main hypothesis about their equality by applying the Student's t-test [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. We will test the null hypothesis H0 about a systemic shift in the time series using the Heaviside function and construct a regression equation [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. The significance of the parameter with a dummy variable will mean that the hypothesis of the presence of a systemic shift is accepted.…”