“…Among the active techniques, the following can be pointed out: Impedance measurement [11], [16], [17], Harmonic injection/detection of impedance [18], Sliding Mode Frequency Shift (SMS) [19], [20], Active Frequency Drift (AFD) [11], [19], [20], Frequency jump [11], [21], Sandia Frequency Shift (SFS) Sandia Voltaje Shift (SVS) [11], [19], [22], [23], [26], Mains Monitoring Units with Allocated All-pole Switching Devices Connected in Series (MSD) [11], Variation of active power and reactive power [10], [24], [25], [26], and General Electric Frequency Schemes (GEFS) [20], [25].…”