Development of a photosensitive, high-throughput chip-based superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay to explore the radioprotective activity of herbal plants

Highly Efficient Visual Detection of Trace Copper(II) and Protein by the Quantum Photoelectric Effect

“…With the increasing irradiation density and amounts of NBT and QDs, the rate of color change became faster, and the eventual color was also darker. According to the previous reports, NBT is well-known as the electron acceptor of O 2 –• , − which results in the production of purple formazan. Thus, NBT has been widely used to evaluate the activities of enzymes, or to screen the radioprotective activity of plant species, since O 2 –• acts as the intermediate of various enzyme reactions or photochemical reactions. , Meanwhile, the excitation of QDs by illumination in the presence of dissolved oxygen can lead to the formation of O 2 –• . ,, Therefore, the reduction of NBT by QDs under illumination is probably via O 2 –• as an intermediate.…”

“…According to the previous reports, NBT is well-known as the electron acceptor of O 2 –• , − which results in the production of purple formazan. Thus, NBT has been widely used to evaluate the activities of enzymes, or to screen the radioprotective activity of plant species, since O 2 –• acts as the intermediate of various enzyme reactions or photochemical reactions. , Meanwhile, the excitation of QDs by illumination in the presence of dissolved oxygen can lead to the formation of O 2 –• . ,, Therefore, the reduction of NBT by QDs under illumination is probably via O 2 –• as an intermediate. However, this work interestingly found that the color change of NBT/QDs solution corresponding to the reduction of NBT could occur in the absence of dissolved oxygen.…”

“…As reported in the previous work, 4,40,41 the peak at 931.4 eV resulted from Cu(I), which was produced from the interaction between Cu 2+ and thiol groups on the surface of QDs and played an important role in altering the quantum state of the QDs. 4,23,24 The redox energy level of Cu I sits between the valence band and the conduction band of the QDs, leading to the change of quantum effect and the formation of the trapping sites. 27 The trapping sites resisted the formation of the exciton and thus the photoelectron for reducing NBT.…”

“…The escaped photoelectron can inject into the orbital of dissolved oxygen to produce supper oxide radical (O 2 –• ), − which induces us to search for an electron acceptor of O 2 –• to capture the photoelectron for developing analytical methodology. As an acceptor of O 2 –• , − nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) is thus selected to be added in the photoelectrochemical system. Incidentally, after NBT accepts the electrons, an insoluble purple compound is formed, which produces a new visual method to monitor the photoelectron transfer.…”

Evaluation of gamma ray-induced gastrointestinal tract morphological and proliferative activity changes in rhesus monkeys

“…To solve this problem, different kinds of radioprotectors have been studied and reported. [4][5][6][7] Among them, synthetic analogs such as amifostine, cysteine, cysteamine, and thiol compounds are wellknown for their radioprotective activity, 8,9 but they were also found to induce serious side effects including nausea, vomiting, or even epidermal necrosis. 10,11 Unfortunately, to date, there is no radioprotector that can fulfill all criteria including high-level protective efficiency, acceptable route of administration, acceptable toxicity profile, acceptable stability profile, and compatibility with the wide range of other drugs.…”